paint作及物动词(描绘),为什么没有补足语?

Democratic senator Amy Klobuchar rejected attempts by president Trump to paint his democratic rival.

1)上句by president Trump to paint his democratic rival.是attempts的介词后置定语吗?

2)另外,by president Trump to paint his democratic rival. 有2处很难理解,一是president Trump to paint ..这里的不定式含义作用? 

     为什么不是president Trump painting ..呢?

     二是这里的paint是描绘(及物动词)吗?如果是为什么只是单宾,没有补足成分,例如后接as...或介词等呢?

例如牛津词典:

[ VN ] ~ sb/sth (as sth) to give a particular impression of sb/sth 把…描绘成

SYN portray

The article paints them as a bunch of petty criminals. 文章把他们描绘成一伙小犯罪分子。

The documentary painted her in a bad light. 纪录片的描绘对她很不利。 


请先 登录 后评论

最佳答案 2020-09-07 14:59

动词attempt后接不定式作宾语,为搭配关系。其同源名词仍然与不定式保持搭配关系。例如:

I know he attempted to paint the picture.

I know his attempt to paint the picture.

语法上,to paint不定式短语也分析为名词attempt的定语。这就是所谓的同位关系。例如:

His attempt was to paint the picture.

To paint the picture was his attempt.

所以,to paint修饰attempt是同位关系,不是动状关系。

请先 登录 后评论

其它 2 个回答

刘永科   - 教育出版集团英语总顾问 & 英语系列图书主编
擅长:语法理论,语言学,文化背景

Democratic senator Amy Klobuchar rejected attempts by president Trump to paint his democratic rival.
paint 表示 describe 之意(描述),可以接单宾语。接复合宾语只是其用法之一,所以,看到网友的题目,我想,网友这样问属于只知其一。
attempts 后面有两个定语:
attempts by president Trump (1) to paint his democratic rival.(2)

定语1:by president Trump 引出“施事者”,作前面名词的定语,说明前面名词是由谁制造的、创造的、产生的、实施的。正如:books by Lu Xun (鲁迅写的书)。

定语2:不定式作定语修饰 attempts,说明其手段,之间存在“动状关系”,也就是说,paint 为“动”,attempts 为“手段或方式”,即:通过努力去描述。如果,现在分词作定语,逻辑主语与其是主谓关系,但是 attempts 本身不能去 paint,而是人借助努力去paint,所以分词为错误。

请先 登录 后评论
小熊饼干
1)是的 2你有没有发现这句话换一个说法是reject Trump’s attempt to ...所以是 reject attempt by Trump to paint,不是painting. paint 有个英文意思是 give a description of sth 描绘对手的形象,不是非要把描绘对手成怎么样的一个形象说出来
请先 登录 后评论
  • 1 关注
  • 1 收藏,2368 浏览
  • bjxue 提出于 2020-09-03 18:45

相似问题