难句中的多个时态疑问

He mind would not stop thinking about what happened only just an our ago on the soccer field. How could he have missed scoring that goal? He had let his whole team down.His team had lost the game because of him.

我的疑问:

1. would 在这此的用法,是过去将来时吗?

2. could have missed 的用法?是对过去的推测?

3. had let,had lost 是过去完成时,过去完成时是表过“过去的过去”。这里 had let down 怎么能发生在比赛失败之前呢?难道是影响性用法?学生很是困惑,盼望专家解惑,谢谢。

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最佳答案 2015-05-29 11:00

His mind would not stop thinking about what happened only just an hour ago on the school soccer field. How could he have missed scoring that goal? He had let his whole team down. His team lost the game because of him.

1. would 在这此的用法,是过去将来时吗?

2. could have missed 的用法?是对过去的推测?

3. had let,had lost 是过去完成时,过去完成时是表过“过去的过去”。这里 had let down 怎么能发生在比赛失败之前呢?


【参考译文】

他满脑子都是(或他脑海里总是不停地想着)一个小时之前发生在学校足 球场上的事。他怎么竟能错过那个球呢?他让整个球队失望。他的球队就是因为他而输了 那场比赛。

【参考解析】

这是一个很好的问题。教材讲解可能存在重大失误。

1.实际上我们没有必要纠结语法称谓,这种情况有些人认为这就是过去将来,有些则用情态动词用法来解释。关键是咱们记住一点就行了:

will not/ would not有时表某种【否定倾向】,意思为【不能/ 无法】。这里正是这种用法:他脑海里无法/不能停止想……

2.第二个问题比较难,按照人教版九年级新教材p128的解释,此句coule have done表示”过去本能够做某事而没做“,包含”责备“意义。

解析者可能忽略了该结构的使用条件,具备此含义时,该结构要使用陈述语气。很简单的例子就能说明问题:

Where can I have put it?(2007—福建高考--25)

What could have happened?(人教版高中必修32单元p10)

以上两句如何能具备解析者所说的含义呢?

那么在这里can/ could have done用于疑问句到底是和含义呢?原来二者用于疑问句有时表【惊讶/疑惑/怀疑/抱歉】等主观情绪,多译为【究竟/难道/到底】。所以上文两个例子的含义为:

Where can I have put it? 我究竟把它放哪儿啦?

 What could have happened? 这到底是咋回事呢/ 究竟发生了啥事?

3.第三个问题较为简单,因为下文的三句话都是对上文的过去行为【would not stopped】的解释,即都是在说一小时前的事件极其结果,自然都发生在【would not stopped 之前。你可能搞错了其相对的时间。


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  • quanfa   提出于 2015-05-27 07:42