1.They ate the meat raw.

The apples were picked ripe.主动语态为：They picked the apples ripe.

You had better eat vegetables fresh.

有的语法书（如张道真）把形容词分析为宾补，因为形容词与宾语为逻辑主谓关系。

按照夸克的观点，状语可分为与主语有关的状语，和与宾语有关的状语。

He married young. = He married when he was young. 形容词作与主语有关的状语。

They ate the meat raw. = They ate the meat when it was raw. 形容词作与宾语有关的状语。

以上二种分析你可采用你觉得合理的一种。

2

Ripe, these apples are sweet.

Helpless, we watched the house being destroyed before our eyes.

Strange,he didn’t come.

这三句都是正确的。前二句中，形容词作状语，表示谓语动作发生或某状态存在时，主语的状态。可以理解为being的省略。第三句为评注性状语。句子等于 It is strange that he didn't come. 形容词是说话人对句子内容的评论，而不是主语的状态。