书上说,
不能说The train arrived at Platform No.3 is from Shanghai.
只能说The train WHICH HAS arrived at Platform No.3 is from Shanghai.
理由是:arrive是不及物动词。
但是却可以说The train just now arrived at Platform No.3 is from Shanghai.
理由是:因为arrive前有副词just now修饰了。
但是又说少数不及物动词become, grow等的-ed分词有时也能形成-ed分词分句作后置修饰语,说明被修饰的名词所处的状态,例如:
We visted his hometown, grown prosperous and beautiful.
以上书上讲的这些,没有明白。
麻烦老师能否讲解一下为什么?
不及物动词的过去分词,可以作定语,只表完成,不表被动。一般都是单个的过去分词作前置定语,很少后置。不过,这时已经演变为分词形容词了。例如:
My mother is a retired nurse. 我妈妈是位退休的护士。
Look! There are fallen leaves everywhere. 瞧,到处都是落叶。
如果是不及物动词的过去分词短语作后置定语,应使用定语从句。所以,句1错误,句2正确,句3尽可能避免,因为很难把握这种后置定语:
1. The train arrived at Platform No.3 is from Shanghai.(误)
2. The train WHICH HAS arrived at Platform No.3 is from Shanghai.(正)
3. The train just now arrived at Platform No.3 is from Shanghai.(???)
当然,语言交流和表达趋于简练,确实有不及物动词(包括系动词)短语作后置定语的情况。例如:
We visted his hometown, grown prosperous and beautiful.
I have won the championship. It is just a dream come true.
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