Darwin's theory was that the succession from one coral reef type to another could be achieved by the upward growth of coral from a sinking platform, and that there would be a progression from a fringing reef, through the barrier reefstage until, with the disappearance through subsidence (sinking) of the central island, only a reef-enclosed lagoon or atoll would survive

一种珊瑚礁种类可以通过从一个正在下沉的平面上向上生长演化成为另一种种类，并且，通过岸礁就演变到堡礁，直到由于中央岛因为下沉消失了，只剩下珊瑚环绕的泻湖或环礁保存下来

1、求结构分析

2、不知为什么 and that there would be a progression from a fringing reef, through the barrier reef stage

翻译为通过岸礁就演变到堡礁？through和from还有关系了？