the having to 是什么用法?

But at the very moment that I was exalting my advantage and joying in it in secret, there was a muddy undercurrent of discomfort "riling" the deeps of my happiness, 

and that was -the having to hear my name bandied about in familiar connection with those of such people. I grew more and more disturbed.

老师,不懂 the having to hear my name bandied about in familiar connection with those of such people.中的 the having to 是什么用法,什么意思呢?

老师能否详解一下,谢谢!


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最佳答案 2020-08-08 16:26

动名词的历史沿革经历了verbal noun (名词化的动名词)和 gerund(动名词)二个阶段。早期的doing 为verbal noun. 可以用限定词,被形容词修饰,不能后接宾语。后来doing动词化,成了现在的动名词gerund. 除了物主代词外,不在用其它限定词,可以后接宾语,被副词修饰。例如下面例子:

I hate the wasting of time. 名词化的动名词作宾语

I hate wasting time. 动名词作宾语

I hate the wasting time. 现代英语认为是错误形式

你的句子中:

and that was -the having to hear my name bandied about in familiar connection with those of such people

划线部分动名词短语gerund, 不该用the. 你直接删去the, 理解动名词短语作表语即可。

(也许在verblal noun 向 gerund 过渡的那个时期有人会用这种杂交式动名词,但这种形式在现代英语被认为是错误的。)

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  • bjxue 提出于 2020-08-04 16:39

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