虽然问题有点多，也给网友尽量解答。

1. Here is a letter for him. （这是 for 介词短语作定语，带有目的性）

2. Here is something for you.（这是 for 介词短语作定语，带有目的性）

3. I’ve booked a table for two. （这是 for 介词短语作定语，带有目的性）

4. There were an astonishing number of applicants for the job. （这是 for 介词短语作定语，带有目的性。即：为获得这份工作的申请者）

5. We appreciate your efforts for the development of the company. （这是 for 介词短语作定语，带有目的性。即：为公司发展所作出的努力）

6. It is time for us to leave.（for 引出不定式逻辑主语）

7. There is a ladder for climbing. （这是 for 介词短语作定语，带有目的性）

8. There is a  bell to ring.（不定式符号 to）

9. I like the noodles with beef. （with 介词短语作定语，表示“含有；混有”）

9. Then, after the easy rolling Midlands, the dramatic Peak District, with its genuine steep slopes, never fails to astonish me, for I feel that it has no business to be there. （with its genuine steep slopes 作定语，修饰Peak District，with 表示“拥有；有着”）

10. The diet of the ordinary Greek in classical times was largely vegetarian ----- vegetables, fresh cheese, oatmeal, and meal cakes, with meat as a rarity. （这是with 复合结构）

11. Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline. （to the part 作定语。to 表示“方向；目的地”，来（到）公园的游客。）