如何理解这句话呢？

Like if a cow or a sheep eats lichens, they’re only going to get like half as much nutrition out of them as a reindeer would.

后面成分有点晕~~~+

they’re only going to get like half as much nutrition out of them as a reindeer would.

like half as much ...as...would》。。这是什么结构

读一下《韦氏高阶》关于like用法的这段话：

It is used in a way that shows you are not sure or confident about what you are saying.

非正式口语体中，说话人对自己说的话不太自信、不够确定时，则加上like.

曹荣禄 -

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刘永科 - 教育出版集团英语总顾问 & 英语系列图书主编 1秒前

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Like if a cow or a sheep eats lichens, they're only going to get like half as much nutrition out of them as a reindeer would.

两个 like 都是副词用法，但意思不同。

第一个 like，用在句子开头，引出句子。表示“比如，例如”，类似 for example 的用法。

第二个 like，是副词用法，意思是“可能，大概，多半，似乎是”，相当于副词 maybe, perhaps, almost, nearly 之意。

【翻译】比如说，如果牛或羊吃苔藓，它们从苔藓中得到的营养大约只有驯鹿的一半。