非限定存在句,作名词功能,其作介词补足成分时(即介宾结构)
1. 介词是for,用there to be
2. 介词不是for, 用there being
John was waiting for there to be complete silence.
No one had told him about there being a lecture the following day.
两个划线部分,都是 there be 存在句的非谓语形式。为什么一个是“不定式”,一个是“动名词”,是因为前面动词和介词的不同而要求的。
我们用其他结构替换一下,即可明白:
John was waiting for Tom to come here.
No one had told him about Tom coming here.
第一句:wait for sb. 和 for sb. to do sth.(不定式复合结构),巧合在一起。
主语 + 不及物动词 + for there to be 型举例:
该类型与“主语 + wait for sb. to do” 结构相似:wait 是不及物动词,“for there to be” 等于for sb. to do,there 代替sb.充当不定式的逻辑主语,for there to be 视为动词不定式的复合结构,作目的状语。例如:
They planned for there to be a meeting on Monday. 他们计划周一开会。
Jill is waiting for there to be a big party. 吉尔等着举行一次盛大的晚会。
We hope for there to be no wars and killings in the world. 我们希望世界上没有战争和杀戮。
The secretary arranged for there to be another interview. 秘书另外安排了一次会谈。
He has called for there to be better communication between referees and players. 他要求裁判和球员之间有更好的沟通。
第二句:Tom coming here 动名词复合结构(含有逻辑主语的动名词),用在及物动词或介词后,是常态,尤其在 of 和 about 之后。
为了让网友熟悉这种句式,我给网友提供更多“介词 + 动名词复合结构” 的例句,仔细体会。
The novel is about three sisters growing up.
这部小说是关于三姐妹如何长大的。
They like the sound of pages turning.
他们喜爱图书翻页的声音。
Have you heard of women playing football?
你听说过女的踢足球吗?
I will tell you a story about a thief stealing a lady’s purse.
我要给你讲一个小偷盗窃女人钱包的故事。
I heard the sound of the car dying away.
我听列车声逐渐远去。
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