not only…but also是助动词和be动词要放在not only的前面而行为动词放在not only的后面吗?
but also 如果没被主语分开,not only即使放在句首也不用倒装?如果but also被主语分开,not only没在句首也倒装?but also什么时候被主语分开?
【答】not only…but also 在句中的位置主要根据它所连接的成分决定,而不是根据你说的这两种情况来决定。主要用法如下:
1. 直接置于其所修饰的词语或表达方式的前面。如:
We go there not only in winter, but also in summer. 我们不仅冬天去那儿,而且夏天也去。(此句中 not only…but also 修饰两个时间状语: in winter 和 in summer)
Not only the bathroom was flooded, but also the rest of the room. 不仅仅浴室里都是水,而且房子里的其他地方也全都是水。(此句中 not only…but also 修饰两个句子,not only 和 but also 都放在主语的前面,即:the bathroom 是前一句的主语,the rest of the room 是后一句的主语;在后一个句子中省略了与前一个句子中相同的内容:was flooded)
The place was not only cold, but also damp. 那个地方不但寒冷而且潮湿。(此句中 not only 和 but also 后面的 cold 和 damp 都是形容词作表语。这里不是因为有 was 才把 not only 放在其后,而是因为 cold 和 damp 是表语,必须放在系动词 was 后面,而 not only 和 but also 放在其修饰的形容词前面)
She noy only sings like an angel, but also dances divinely. 她不但唱歌像天使一样,而且跳舞也跟天仙一般。(此句中,not only 和 but also 修饰的是谓语动词:sings 和
dances )
She noy only plays the piano, but also the violin. 她不仅弹钢琴,而且还拉小提琴。(此句中,not only 和 but also 修饰的是两个相同的谓语动词: plays ,为了简练, 在 but also 后面的 plays 省略了)
2. 何时使用倒装结构
(1)如果 Not 放在句首,而且 not only…but also 修饰的不是主语,则 but 前面的句子应该使用倒装结构,即:Not only + 助动词 + 主语 +其他部分。但是,but also 后面的句子不能使用倒装结构。如果使用倒装结构,可以省略 but 。如:
Not only has she been late three times; she has also done no work. 她不仅仅迟到了三次;她还没干一点活儿。
Not only do they need clothing, but they are also short of water. 他们不但需要衣服,而且还缺水。
(2) 如果 Not only ... but also ... 修饰主语,就不能使用倒装结构。如:
Not only the bathroombut also the rest of the room was flooded . 不仅仅浴室里而且房子里的其他地方也全都是水。
(详见《牛津英语用法指南》第四版228.4节)