表示“不管”、“无论”的 however 究竟是副词还是连词,英语国家出版的辞书归类也不是完全相同的。所以,我们只需要会用就可以了,没有必要纠结其属于哪一类。
把 however 作为副词的例句( 通常用于many,much 或者形容词、副词 前):
(1)However many people come [= whether a few people or many people come], we'll be ready. 不管多少人来,我们都会做好准备。(摘自《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》p.1032)
(2)She couldn't convince him, however hard [=no matter how hard ] she tried. 不管多努力,她都无法说服他。(同上)
(3)However hard he tried, he could not control his feelings. 不管费多大的劲,他都无法控制自己的感情。(摘自《麦克米伦高阶英汉双解词典》p.1025)
(4)However much they earn, they will never be satisfied. 他们不管挣多少钱都不会满足。(同上)
(5)She has the window open, however cold it is outside. 不管外面多冷她都开着窗户。(摘自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第9版p.1063)
(6)However carefully I explained, she still didn't understand. 无论我解释得多么仔细,她还是没弄懂。(同上)
(7)You should always strive to achieve more, however well you have done before. 无论之前取得何等辉煌的成就,都应该不断努力进取。 ( 摘自《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》第8版 p.980)
(8)However hard she tried, nothing seemed to work. 不管她怎么努力,好像都无济于事。(同上)
(9)We have to finish, however long it takes. 我们必须完成,不管需要多长时间。(摘自《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第6版)
把 however 作为连词的例句:
(10)However you look at it, it was a wicked thing to do. 不管你怎么看待这件事情,它都是一件缺德的事。(摘自《朗文当代高级英语辞典》第6版)
(11)However much he eats, he never gets fat. 不管他吃多少,他永远吃不胖。(摘自《牛津英语用法指南》第四版 252.1)
【说明】例句(4)和(11)的结构相同,但是 However 在(4)被用作副词,而在(11)被用作连词。