专家老师好!
By the first decade of the 21st century, international commercial air traffic is expected ______ vastly beyond today's levels.
A. to have extended
B. to be extending
C. being extended
D. having been extended
这是我今天遇到的,一起考**题库中的题目,解析中说by the...一般用完成时,所以选A
可是我查到了一些表时间的by短语,并不是必须要用完成时啊,比如
By the time we got to the third floor, my Dad was still complaining.
By the time we got home we were tired and hungry.
By this time next week we'll be in New York.
请问专家老师,B选项to be extending在语法上是不是也是对的呢?
1 by时间状语表示不迟于某时间,而该时间正是说话人所关心的时间。如果谓语动词为动态动词表示事件的发生,意味着事件在该时间之前发生,所以要用完成体或完成进行体。如果谓语动词为静态动词表示状态,则不迟于该时间的状态在该时间一定存在着,而说话人关心的就是该时间,所以谓语用一般体。例如:
By 2 pm tomorrow, he will have come back.
By 2 pm tomorrow, he will be at home.
2 By the first decade of the 21st century, international commercial air traffic is expected ______ vastly beyond today's levels.
这个句子是由下句转换而来:
It is expected that international commercial air traffic will have expanded vastly beyond today's levels by the first decade of the 21st century.
expand为动态动词表示事件的发生,该事件在by引出的时间之前已经发生,所以用完成体。句子改为不定式结构后,不定式也要参照by时间状语而用完成体。
如果觉得我的回答对您有用,请随意打赏。你的支持将鼓励我继续创作!