The project is based on his idea to start. (误)
在两个动词之间,需要其中一个是谓语动词,另一个是非谓语动词。但不能让其中一个是不定式,不定式是目的状语?宾语补足语?都不对。改正如下:
让 start 作谓语动词,过去分词 based on his idea 作定语或状语。改为:
The project starts based on his idea. (状语)
The project based on his idea starts. (定语)
Based on his idea, the project starts. (状语)
正确思路是:这项工程,依据他的想法,而开始实施。
“开始实施” 是句子的谓语,让“依据他的想法”,要么作定语,要么作状语。
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先体会一下一个简单的句子的转换。
The book is easy. 主系表。名词作主语
To read the book is easy. 主系表。不定式作主语。
It is easy to read the book. 不定式为外置主语(真正主语)。以这个句子为基础,去掉形式主语it,把不定式的宾语移到句首作主语。不定式就少了宾语(宾语作了句子的主语了)。这个缺少宾语的不定式就叫做悬空不定式(或反射不定式)。见下句:
The book is easy to read. 语法上,不定式修饰表语形容词,表示“容易”体现在哪一方面。但在语义上,表语形容词描述的并不是主语book,而是不定式短语。
我们用同样的方法演示一下你的句子:
The project is based on his idea. 主系表结构,名词作主语。
To start the project is based on his idea. 主系表结构,不定式作主语。
It is based on his idea to start the project. 不定式为外置主语。
The project is based on his idea to start. 悬空不定式作方面状语。
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