状语从句从属连词在句中不是不做成分,只起连接,有自己意思。
1. just stay where you are.(where在后面状语从句中怎么做了are的表语了?)
2. you should put the book where you found it.(where虽然不像第一句那么明显,感觉在后面也做了从句的状语)
3. when i was wandering in the street,i met her。(感觉when在从句中也做了状语,比如可以说 i was wandering in the street in the afternoon,这in the afternoon代替when,是做了时间状语的呀)
网友的疑问不是没有道理的。语法书说连词不作句子成分。由此反推,如果一个词作了成分,那它一定不是连词。
我们知道where可以是疑问副词引导特殊疑问句和间接疑问句,可以是关系副词引导定语从句,可以是融合型关系副词引导名词性关系分句。关于最后一点,很多语法书都有解释。例如:
This is where the man was killed. where引导名词性关系分句。
where为融合型关系副词=the place where
This is the place where the man was killed.
但实际上where作为融合型关系副词,不但可以引导名词性关系分句,在主句中作名词性成分,还可以引导副词性关系分句,在主句中作状语。此时where并不等于the place where, 而是等于at/to/in/on the place where. where引导的从句相当于一个介词短语,介词的宾语被限制性定语从句修饰,where在从句中作状语或表语。例如网友的句子:
1. Just stay where you are.
= Just stay in the place where you are. where为关系副词作表语。
2. you should put the book where you found it. 这句子我改一下,更为明显:
I can't find the book where I put it. put要求必具性状语,所以where必须在从句中作状语。
= I can't find the book in the place where I put it.
同理,when也可以是融合型关系副词,引导副词性关系分句:when=at the time when
3. I met her at the time when I was wandering In the street.
关于when, where. while作为融合型关系副词引导状语从句,网友可以参读Huddleston的《剑桥语法》中 relative constructions那一章的 fused relatives部分。
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状语从句从属连词在句中不是不做成分,只起连接,有自己意思。
1. just stay where you are.(where在后面状语从句中怎么做了are的表语了?)
【答】我认为划线部分是地点状语从句(即章振邦《新编高级英语语法》中的地点状语分句)。
章振邦《新编高级英语语法》p.499 内容摘录:
地点状语分句(adverbial clause of place)通常由 where, wherever 等连词引导。例如:
When I leave school, I'll go where I am needed. (毕业后,哪里需要我,我就到哪里去。)
The hotel will be built where there used to be a church.(旅馆将建在一个教堂的遗址上。)
2. you should put the book where you found it.(where虽然不像第一句那么明显,感觉在后面也做了从句的状语)
【答】我认为划线部分是地点状语从句(即章振邦《新编高级英语语法》中的地点状语分句),
3. when i was wandering in the street,i met her。(感觉when在从句中也做了状语,比如可以说 i was wandering in the street in the afternoon,这in the afternoon代替when,是做了时间状语的呀)
【答】我认为划线部分是时间状语从句(即章振邦《新编高级英语语法》中的时间状语分句)。