need not 和 did not need to的问题

在表示“本不必做，但做了”，和 ”本不必做，也确实也没有做“时，是否只要动词have done 和 do之间改变就可以，而 need not 和 did not need to 随便用哪个都可以吗?

need not have done / need not do

did not need to have done / did not need to do

这样对吗？

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其它 2 个回答

曹荣禄 1秒前

擅长：动词用法,句法问题

needn't have done sth. 本不必做某事（你在过去做的那件事现在看来是没有必要的）。

needn't do sth. 不必做某事。（现在没有必要做某事，自然那件事还没有做）。

didn't need to do sth. 过去不必做某事（后来是否做了不得而知，也不关心）。

黎反修 - 英语翻译（已退休） 1秒前

擅长：数词用法,存在句,英语考试

need not have done something 意思是某人做了某事，但那么做是不必要的，是浪费时间。

You needn't have woken me up. I don't have to go to work today.

你本来用不着叫醒我。今天我不必上班。

I needn't have cooked so much food. Nobody was hungry.

我不该做这么多吃的，大家都不饿。

而 did not need to do something 则仅仅表示不必做某事（不管是否已经做了）。试比较：

I needn't have watered the flowers. Just after I finished it started raining.

我其实不必给花浇水的。刚浇完就下雨了。

It started raining, so I didn't need to water the flowers.

下起雨来了，这样我就不用给花浇水了。

need never have ... 是 need not have ... 的强调形式。

I need never have packed all that suncream - it rained every day.

我其实根本不需要带上那些防晒霜的 —— 天天都下雨。

need not 或 do not need to 表示不必做某事。

You needn't tell Jennifer - she already knows.

你不用告诉珍妮弗了 —— 她已经知道了。

need not 有时也表示某事不一定真实。

“She looks quite ill. I'm sure it's flu.”“It needn't be - maybe she's just over-

tired.”

“她看上去病得很重，肯定是得了流感。”“那也不一定 — 也许只是劳累过度了。”

（以上摘自《牛津英语用法指南》第四版 532.6；532.7）

【归纳】

needn't have done sth. 本来不必做某事（但是实际上已经做了某事）。

needn't do sth. 不必做某事。（实际上还没有做）。

didn't need to do sth. （过去）不必做某事

不能说：did not need to have done