有时还可用于 there seems (to be)。如: There seems (to be) something wrong with it. 好像有什么问题。 There seems to be a mistake in these figures. 这些数字中好像有个错误。以上是语法网上的一段话,seem 作为系动词应该可以直接跟名词作表语啊,这里为何会出现to be+名词?
英语中,seem, appear, prove, turn out 等系动词后,可以接 to be + 表语:
There seems to be a storm tonight. 今晚好像有暴风雨。
The boy seemed to be ill. 这个男孩好像病了。
He appears to be angry. 他似乎生气了。
The plan proved to be useful. 这个计划证明是有用的。
The weather turned out to be fine. 天气结果很好。
在这些系动词之后,to be 可以省略:
There seems (to be) a storm tonight. 今晚好像有暴风雨。
He seems (to be) sad. 他似乎很伤心。
He appears (to be) angry. 他似乎生气了。
The news proved (to be) false. 那消息证明是假的。
The man turned out (to be) a thief. 那人结果是个小偷。
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这个问题用”提升主语“结构来解释是很好理解的。这是我最近第三次用《剑桥语法》的提升主语结构来解答问题了。
所谓提升主语结构,是指that从句中的主语被提升到高一级的分句——主句中作主语,而that从句的谓语动词则改为不定式结构作为主句的主语补足语。例如下句的转换:
It is said that Tom is a clever boy. 这是外置主语从句结构。It为形式主语。
将that从句的主语Tom提升到主句作主语,that从句的谓语动词is 改为不定式,得到:
Tom is said to be a clever boy. 这个句子的主语是由that从句(低一级的分句)提升而来,所以语法上属于提升主语。Tom仅仅是语法上的主语,并不是is said语义上的主语。is said语义上的主语为Tom to be a clever boy.
that从句本身可以是there存在句。例如:
It is said that there is no liquid water on Mars.
there be存在句中,there 是形式主语,is为不及物动词。所以这个句子也可以改为提升主语结构。即用that从句的主语there作主句的主语,that从句的谓语动词is改为不定式结构。得到:
There is said to be no liquid water on Mars. 据说火星上没有液态水。
It seems that Tom is a clever boy.
it为形式主语,that从句为外置主语从句。改为提升主语结构则为:
Tom seems to be a clever boy.
that从句也可以是there be存在句:
It seems that there is no liquid water on Mars.
改为提升主语结构则为:
There seems to be no liquid water on Mars.
这就是网友这个句子的由来。
There seems to be a mistake in these figures. 提升主语结构
= It seems that there is a mistake in these figures. 外置主语结构
只不过,很多语法书把there seems to be +名词重新解释为系表结构。这是对同一种语言现象做出的不同解释。
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