Out of a pity, I offered to help the old man up, but he ___ smilingly.
A. refused B. declined
用哪个呢?这两个单词 有什么区别呢?
本句应该用declined,表示对别人的好意的礼貌拒绝
To refuse usually implies determination and often brusqueness 通常暗示决心且常带有粗鲁
If you refuse to do something, you deliberately do not do it, or you say firmly that you will not do it. 拒绝
“The commander refused to discuss questions of right” (George Bancroft).
“司令官拒绝讨论关于权力的问题” (乔治·班克罗夫特)。
He refused to comment after the trial. 该审判之后他拒绝发表评论。
To decline is to refuse courteously 礼貌地拒绝
If you decline something or decline to do something, you politely refuse to accept it or do it. 谢绝
He declined their invitation. 他谢绝了他们的邀请。
He offered the boys some coffee. They declined politely.
他要给男孩们来些咖啡。他们礼貌地拒绝了。
附带说一个reject
Reject suggests the discarding of someone or something as unsatisfactory, defective, or useless; it implies categorical refusal. 表示因为不令人满意、有缺陷或无用而抛弃;它暗示无条件的拒绝。
“He again offered himself for enlistment and was again rejected” (Arthur S.M. Hutchinson).
“他再次要求应征入伍,结果再次被回绝了” (亚瑟·S.M.霍金森)。
三个里reject 拒绝的强度最大,decline 最小。
本句应该用declined。希望下面的问答对你有帮助。
【问】Thank you for the invitation but I'm afraid I have to refuse.
上面的英文句子有什么毛病?
【答】上句中的 refuse 用得不够恰当,应当改为 decline。因为 refuse 表示断然拒绝,而 decline 是指“有礼貌地拒绝”或“谢绝”,而且口气不那么坚决。例如:
1. I'm sorry I must decline your invitation to dinner. 我很抱歉,不能接受你吃饭的邀请。
2. I must regretfully decline your invitation to the wedding, as I shall be away from the city. 我只有抱歉地谢绝您邀我参加婚礼的邀请,因为我就要离开这座城市了。
此外,refuse 与 decline 还有一个区别:decline 是指用语言表达的“拒绝”,因此,不能用表非人的词语作主语。不难看出,下列两句中的 refuse 决不可换用 decline :
1. The car refused to start. 汽车未启动起来。
2. The horse refused the apple. 这匹马不肯吃苹果。
(摘自赵振才编著:《英语常见问题解答大词典》增订版第五版p.1232)