翻译句子:(2011年上海高考)
如果能找到任何适合你的学习方法,你的学习效率就可能明显提高。(whatever)
标准答案:If you can find whatever learning method (that) suits you, your learning efficiency is likely to improve remarkably.
我的疑问是:
如果省略带括号的that,那么whatever learning method suits you是作find的宾语从句,在从句中whatever learning method作suit的主语,没有任何问题。
但是如果不省略that,那么在宾语从句中不是就有whatever learning method和that两个主语了吗?为什么可以保留that呢?
网友的质疑是有道理的。这个句子如果使用that就是语法错误。
whatever用在名词前为限定词,= any...that,即为融合型关系限定词,本身就隐含了关系代词that在内,不能再加that。
《韦氏高级》的例句很好地说明了这一点:
We are willing to take whatever action is needed. [=to take any action that is needed]
从例句可以看出,要在is needed前加关系代词that,就得把whatever action改为any action, 因为whatever action 这个词组本身就包含了关系代词that,= any action that, 怎么还能再加一个that呢?
这个制定参考答案的老师对whatever的理解是有问题的。
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that 是不能加的,必须删掉。
whatever 一旦做了“融合性关系代词” 或 “融合性关系限定词”,其引导的从句已经含有定语从句的概念,不能再出现关系代词。例如:
You may take whatever suits you.
You may take whatever book suits you.
You can use whatever suits you.
You can use whatever method suits you.
If you can find whatever learning method suits you, =
If you can find any learning method that suits you,
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