本句特点：把修饰从句谓语动词的程度副词 much 前置，as 引导让步从句。

would like to do，指“现在想做某事”。

would have liked to do，指“过去本来想做某事”，但未曾实现。——本题答案。因为整个句子描述过去情况。

从句在 I would have liked to 后省略了与主句重复的部分 lend him the money，但必须保留不定式符号 to。

B 的错误显而易见。

此外，我认为，D 也正确：I should have liked to。第一人称用 would, should 均可。

Much as I would have liked to, I couldn’t lend him the money because I simply didn’t have that much spare cash.

【翻译】尽管我当时很想，但我不能借给他钱，因为我没有那么多闲钱。