problem + 介词短语 也是同位吗

problem跟的从句是同位从句,那problem跟的介词短语,是不是也对应得叫做同位短语而不是定语?


从句:
We are faced with the problem what we should do with so much pollution.


短语:
What's the problem with the computer?
You should have no problem with reading this language.

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最佳答案 2019-12-22 11:11

What's the problem with the computer?(介词短语作后置定语

结构为What is the problem/trouble with +名词/代词?=What is wrong with +名词/代词?
You should have no problem with reading this language.(介词短语作方面状语

结构为主语 have  (no) problem/difficulty/trouble with+名词/代词?

备注:  with +名词/代词构成介词短语修饰名词就是作后置定语,修饰谓语动词作状语

以上介词表示 在..方面,针对于

with介词在…方面, 针对 (英文解释:You use with to indicate what a state, quality, or action relates to, involves, or affects. ) 

Our aim is to allow student teachers to become familiar with the classroom.

我们的目标就是让实习教师熟悉课堂。

He still has a serious problem with money.

他手头儿还是很紧。

Depression lowers the human ability to cope with disease. 

抑郁症会降低人体对疾病的抵抗力。



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其它 1 个回答

曹荣禄  
擅长:动词用法,句法问题

网友需要明确一个概念:同位语是名词性结构。介词短语是不能作同位语的。同位语和它所修饰的名词在意义上是同一的,即二者说的是一回事,只不过换了一个说法而已。例如:I went back to my hometown Beijing. I went back to Beijing, my hometown. 这二个句子中,Beijing和my hometown 互为同位关系,我们说后面的名词是前面名词的同位语。

名词和其同位语之间的关系可以表示为一个名词作表语的句子。

Beijing is my hometown.

My hometown is Beijing.

有时同位关系可以通过介词短语表示,例如 I live in the city of Beijing. 逻辑上北京就是那个城市,是同位关系,但语法上Beijing是介词of的宾语,构成of Beijing这个介词短语。介词短语是不能作同位语的,所以of Beijing是 the city的定语,而不是同位语,但是语义上,介词of表示同位关系。即 of的宾语说明 the city 具体是哪个城市。所以网友应该知道of 介词短语作后置定语,表示同位关系这种语法分析。

同位语也可以由that从句、wh-从句等其他名词性结构充当。例如:

the fact that one plus one is two

the question who did this

the problem what we should do with so much pollution

以上三句中that从句、who从句和what从句都是前面名词的同位语。我们可以看出名词和同位语之间存在主系表关系:

The fact is that one plus one is two.

The question is who did this.

The problem is what we should do with so much pollution.

wh-从句作同位语通常是前面省略了介词 of 的结果。即:

the question who did that = the question of who did this

the problem what we should do with so much pollution = the problem of what we should...

当wh-从句前有介词of时,语法分析为of 介词短语作名词的后置定语,wh-从句与名词为同位关系。如果wh-从句直接位于名词后,则分析为wh-从句作同位语。


What's the problem with the computer?
You should have no problem with reading this language.

这二个句子中的with意为“关于、涉及”,with后的名词与problem并不是同位关系,介词with也没有表示同位关系的功能。所以这二个句子中的with介词短语都是定语,与同位语无关(无论从语义上,还是从语法上)。



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  • qhl222 提出于 2019-12-21 12:54

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