(1)You are just like your mother when she was little.
(2)This was your mother's room when she was a little girl.
同位语是对前面的先行词进行说明,那这样的句子是不是就是同位语了呢?
(1)You are just like your mother when she was little/when she was young.
(2)This was your mother's room when she was a little girl.
第二句中when从句为时间状语从句,修饰系词was.
第一句中的when从句无疑是修饰前面的名词mother的,所以是后置定语, 对your mother作限定。由于when从句并不表示一个人,所以不可能是同位语。
虽然显而易见when从句作定语修饰名词,我们却不能称when从句为定语从句或关系分句。因为传统语法对定语从句的定义是:由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句。现代语法对关系分句的定义是:由关系词引导的分句。这个句子中的when并不是关系词,而是从属连词。
这种由从属连词引导的从句修饰名词的现象在英语中是存在的,其它连词引导的从句作定语,包括before,after,since等从句。
语法书好像遗漏了这类从句可以作定语修饰名词。
所以,在语法书给这类从句命名之前,我们可以谨慎地称这种语言现象为从属连词引导的分句作名词后置修饰语。避免定语从句这个术语,以区别于关系词引导的定语从句。
before的例子:
I can never forget the difficult days before the opening-up and reform.
before介词短语作定语修饰days.
I can never forget the difficult days before we adopted the opening-up and reform policy.
before从句作定语修饰days.
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