Gause said that whenever you've got two similar species competing for the exact same limited resources, one of them will have some sort of advantage-however slight- that'll eventually enable this species to dominate and ultimately exclude the other one ...even cause it to become extinct.
教授: 高斯说,不论何时都存在两个相似的物种竞争同样的有限资源,其中的一个物种会占据一些优势,无论这个优势开始的时候多么小,最终都会导致这个物种占据优势地位,最终排挤掉另一种物种,甚至可能导致另一个物种灭绝。
FEMALE PROFESSOR: Now, one of the early criticisms of Gause's hypothesis was that, "Sure, it works in simple lab experiments, where you have just two competing species in a controlled environment.
教授: 对于高斯假设的早期批评之一是: “当然了,这个假设在简单的实验环境里是有作用的,在一个可控的环境里,只存在两种竞争关系的物种
FEMALE PROFESSOR: And right in the same area you've got five species of warbler, all about the same size, and all having similar diets of insects-insects that are found on and around trees.
教授: 在相同的区域里,你会发现五种wobbler,都是相同大小,吃相同种类的昆虫,这些昆虫生活在树上或者树木周围。
EMALE PROFESSOR: Yes, an-and there are many ways to do that- the dominant species feeds in one part of the tree, and you feed in another...
教授: 是的,有很多种办法可以做到,强势物种以树木的某一部分为食,弱势物种可以以另一部分为食。
MALE STUDENT: If the dominant species needs lots of water, you develop the ability to survive on very little water...
学生: 如果强势物种需要很多水资源,弱势物种可以发展靠很少水存活的能力。
Para35
FEMALE PROFESSOR: You survive on what's left over. Water, food, nesting or breeding sites,... whatever.
教授: 弱势物种依靠强势物种残留下来的资源而活:水资源,食物,筑巢或者育儿地,或者是别的什么。
请问,前面三个you've got or you have可以理解成there have吗?
后面三个you是弱势物种,如果可以,为什么you可以这样用?没有在字典中找到
前三个you的用法词典是有说明的。例如《韦氏高阶》:
— used to refer to any person or to people in general
If you smoke too much, you may harm your lungs.
The work is hard, but after a while, you get used to it.
How do you change a tire? [=what is the proper way to change a tire?]
这种用法的you可以换作we 或者不定代词 one. 例如:
If you smoke too much, you may harm your lungs.
If we smoke too much, we may harm our lungs.
If one smokes too much, he may harm his lungs.
这三句话的意思是一样的。
后三个you的使用,是说话人把听话人假设为弱势物种,让听话人设身处地的从弱势物种的角度去理解物竞天择,适者生存。这不需要词典说明,任何听话人都会理解的。
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