However, people are more likely to touch them.
这个句子是划分为 S-V-P-表语补足语 V 是are
还是划分为 s-v-o呢 V 是 are more likely to touch
be likely to最好不要拆分,可视为习语整体地当作助动词,后接动词原形一起构成句子的谓语(也有人称其为“复合谓语”)。正如如沐春风网友的贴图,夸克《英语语法大全》(P.193)将此类结构视为“半助动词”,由于贴图较模糊,现摘录如下:
半助动词:be going to等
3.14 半助动词包括一批动词习语,它们具有情态或体的意义,并由动词HAVE或BE引导;例如:
be able to; be bound to; be likely to; be supposed to; be about to; be due to; be meant to; be willing to; be apt to; be going to; be obliged to; have to
半助动词范畴的边界不明确:可以扩大到把be unable to, be unwilling to等否定习语也包括进去。
……
...这些结构在一个方面比情态习语更接近主动词。它们有诸如been going to和to be bound to之类的非限定形式,因此可以与前面的助动词组合:
James will be obliged to resing.
We have always been willing to help.
两个或两个以上的半助动词甚至可以连续出现:
Someone is going to have to complain.
No one is likely to be able to recognize her.
......
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be likely to do 表示“可能做某事”,相当于情态动词用法:may do;might do。
之前我曾经提出过,这类 be + adj. to do 结构,应该视为“合成谓语”,不宜拆分。不定式to do 无法跟前面的系表结构分离出去而单独做成分,因为它在表意上,跟系表融为一体,不可分割。
此外,“合成谓语” 还应包括以下几种情况:这类结构具有“情态意义”,表示“能力、义务、意愿、推测”等。它们在意义上相当于对应的情态动词。
(1)能力类:be + able/unable + to do = can do;can not do
(2)义务类:be obliged/supposed to do = must do;should do
(3)意愿类:be + willing/unwilling + to do = will do;won't do
【注】意愿类应包括倾向类:be + ready, apt, anxious, eager, curious + to do 等。
(4)推测类:be + sure/certain/likely + to do = must do;may do
语法对于“合成谓语”的概念,目前尚未形成。因此,我极力提倡这种分析,尽快形成一致的看法。
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