Her father was shot by a man trying to rob his small retail store.
曹老师说这个句子是无法确定一个人或者几个人trying to rob his small retail store.
为什么无法确定呢?假如我想表示就是【那个人】trying to rob his small retail store.也是那个人was shot by。我不能用the修饰man?
假如
I killed a rat that ran into my house.(不确定家里跑进了一只或者几只老鼠,我只杀了1只)
I killed the rat that ran into my house.(确定家里跑进来一只老师,并且只杀了那一只)
这两张理解正确吗?
孤立看一个句子,难免会有不止一种可能。
诸位看看夸克大师怎么说的
夸克5.36
不定冠词在概念上属“无标记”冠词是就下述意义而言的:不定冠词(与单数具数各词连用)用于不具备使用定冠词条件的场合。这就是说, a/an X 用于根据说话者和听话者的共有知识不能统一确认X所指事物的场合。所以,a/an通常用于所指事物在前面未提及并假定说话者或听话者对它还不熟悉的时侯:
An intruder has stolen a vase. The intruder stole the vase from a locked case. The case was smashed open.
我们从这个(异常清楚的)例子中看到,不定冠词,与定冠词相反,对先前是否提到过不作任何假定。但在实际应用中,这种区别可能不太明显。例如,一次谈话既可以像例[1]也可以像例[1a] 这样开始:
A house on the corner is for sale. [1]
The house on the corner is for sale. [la]
在含义上的唯一区别是: 在例[1a]中,说话者预先假定听话者会理解他指的是哪一所房子(也许因为那里仅有一所这样的房子),而在例[1]中,就不包含这样的假定。