借花献佛——为老师们提供shouldn't(表推测)和should have to权威例句

今天,学习了咱们答疑网早期的帖子 http://ask.yygrammar.com/q-24749.html 

老师们功力深厚,我就像在看神仙打架,看得一头雾水。

我发现,老师们在辩论时候,对例句的权威与否,很是纠结。比如,帖子上说:“should的推测性用法不是should的主要用法,词典中未找到shouldn't表示推测的用法。这与should表示责任、义务时,词典中不一定能找到should have to do的例句一样。”

 

吃水不忘打井人,这里我也给老师们做些贡献。以下是例句:

 

【shouldn't do 】

We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (LDCE)

——赵振才《英语常见问题解答大词典》

We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 1978: 89).

                                            ——http://ekrost.ru/poster/mnogoznachnost-v-sfere-modalnosti-na-primere-glagola-should.html(俄罗斯英语学习网站)

 

【should have to do】

 Either you cut it out, or we should have to wash our hands of the whole business. (Snow)

 

 “Man performs, engenders, so much more than he can or should have to bear. That's how he finds that he can bear anything”  (William Faulkner). 

——《美国传统词典》

 

 No American should have to drive out of town to breathe clean air...

                                        ——《柯林斯》

 

I don’ t think that I should have to face discrimination as part of my daily life. 

——《麦克米伦》

 

No one should have to suffer such degrading treatment.

——《剑桥双解》

 

 It is disgraceful that anyone should have to live in such conditions.

  ——《朗文双解》

 

 should have to pass the hat round or try (dressed like a down-at-heels corner boy) to get some sort of job — Nicholas Monsarrat

                                     Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged

 

 I really don't see why I should have to explain myself to you. 

                                                                                              ——《牛津78

human 'right

noun

[C usually plural] one of the basic rights which many societies think every person should have to be treated in a fair equal way without cruelty, for example by their government, or the right to vote

                                                                     ——《朗文》

 

No one should have to be subjected to my uncle's bad jokes.

——Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary

 

有些遗憾,shouldn’t表示推测的例句,只找到一个权威的。如果大家有权威的,请不吝分享。


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最佳答案 2020-02-04 17:02

情态动词的epistemic用法都是从 deontic用法的基础上引申而来的,所以有时候兼有二者的意思。

We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour.

这个句子中shouldn't come应该分析为epistemic用法。即说话人有一定依据的推测(例如他们出发晚了等信息)。

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其它 1 个回答

mengxin Z

▲We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (LDCE)

虽然《朗曼》很流行,但是这句不是表推测,shouldn't 是与平常的认知做比较。

前面的“needn't get ready”也排除了后句是表推测,否则逻辑上很矛盾

再如:According to the weather report, it shouldn't rain this afternoon. 

所谓推测,是指未来事件的有变数。天气预报这句,通常也算不上是推测(是气象台用科技分析的结果),虽然多少接近是推测。


▲ Either you cut it out, or we should have to wash our hands of the whole business. (Snow)

这里should have to , 大致等于 should have no alternative but to wash ..., 不是表推测也不是表责任义务,而是一种虚拟(If you didn't do it, we...)。


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  • 如沐春风 提出于 2019-07-30 08:31

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