今天,学习了咱们答疑网早期的帖子 http://ask.yygrammar.com/q-24749.html
老师们功力深厚,我就像在看神仙打架,看得一头雾水。
我发现,老师们在辩论时候,对例句的权威与否,很是纠结。比如,帖子上说:“should的推测性用法不是should的主要用法,词典中未找到shouldn't表示推测的用法。这与should表示责任、义务时,词典中不一定能找到should have to do的例句一样。”
吃水不忘打井人,这里我也给老师们做些贡献。以下是例句:
【shouldn't do 】
▲We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (LDCE)
——赵振才《英语常见问题解答大词典》
▲We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 1978: 89).
——http://ekrost.ru/poster/mnogoznachnost-v-sfere-modalnosti-na-primere-glagola-should.html(俄罗斯英语学习网站)
【should have to do】
▲ Either you cut it out, or we should have to wash our hands of the whole business. (Snow)
▲ “Man performs, engenders, so much more than he can or should have to bear. That's how he finds that he can bear anything” (William Faulkner).
——《美国传统词典》
▲No American should have to drive out of town to breathe clean air...
——《柯林斯》
▲I don’ t think that I should have to face discrimination as part of my daily life.
——《麦克米伦》
▲No one should have to suffer such degrading treatment.
——《剑桥双解》
▲It is disgraceful that anyone should have to live in such conditions.
——《朗文双解》
▲ should have to pass the hat round or try (dressed like a down-at-heels corner boy) to get some sort of job — Nicholas Monsarrat
Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged
▲I really don't see why I should have to explain myself to you.
——《牛津7和8》
▲human 'right
noun
[C usually plural] one of the basic rights which many societies think every person should have to be treated in a fair equal way without cruelty, for example by their government, or the right to vote
——《朗文》
▲No one should have to be subjected to my uncle's bad jokes.
——Merriam-Webster's Advanced Learner's Dictionary
有些遗憾,shouldn’t表示推测的例句,只找到一个权威的。如果大家有权威的,请不吝分享。
▲We needn't get ready yet; the guests shouldn't come for another hour (LDCE)
虽然《朗曼》很流行,但是这句不是表推测,shouldn't 是与平常的认知做比较。
前面的“needn't get ready”也排除了后句是表推测,否则逻辑上很矛盾
再如:According to the weather report, it shouldn't rain this afternoon.
所谓推测,是指未来事件的有变数。天气预报这句,通常也算不上是推测(是气象台用科技分析的结果),虽然多少接近是推测。
▲ Either you cut it out, or we should have to wash our hands of the whole business. (Snow)
这里should have to , 大致等于 should have no alternative but to wash ..., 不是表推测也不是表责任义务,而是一种虚拟(If you didn't do it, we...)。