2019年全国高考英语I完型文章中出现了如下句子:
Further up, the weather changes — low clouds envelope the mountainsides......
envelope我查了一下发现它并没有动词含义,而网上扫描版的官方版高考真题却是envelope,这是不是高考题的小错误呢?
谢谢老师!
网友好,这里有个说法,您可以参考:
Webster's Third New International Dictionary, Unabridged
en·vel·op
transitive verb
also en·vel·ope \ə̇nˈveləp, en-\
(enveloped ; enveloped ; enveloping ; envelops also envelopes)
Etymology: Middle English envolupen, from Middle French envoluper, envoleper, enveloper, from Old French, from en- en- (I) + voluper, voleper, veloper to wrap up
1.
a. : to enclose completely with a garment or other covering : wrap up
< a shroud enveloped her form — Mary W. Shelley >
< drew off his coat and enveloped him in a white robe — Laura Krey >
< other folks envelop the meat in the leaves — E.J.Banfield >
b. : to enclose or surround with a nonsolid material or medium (as air or darkness) : obscure or conceal by covering or shrouding
< distant hills enveloped in a blue haze >
< large black clouds enveloped the moon >
< flames enveloped the building >
< a snug … warmth enveloped him — O.E.Rölvaag >
c. : to surround or enfold with something immaterial (as a mood or atmosphere) : possess, dominate
< the Presbyterian culture that enveloped me when I was a boy — St. Clair McKelway >
< the drowsy silence that enveloped the yacht — Scott Fitzgerald >
< she had been enveloped in profound peace — Ellen Glasgow >
< then she would … envelop me in the great, soft, spicy tide of her affection — R.P.Warren >
< a feeling of gloom and self-pity enveloped him >
< he was enveloped by that strange sense of detachment — Walter O'Meara >
2. \“ or ˈenvəˌlōp or ˈänveˌlōp\ : to put in an envelope
< she scrawled across the bottom of the letter the word NO and enveloped it for return mailing — E.P.O'Donnell >
3. : to attack or move to attack (one or both of an enemy's flanks)
< there were indications that they intended to envelop the northern wing of Army Group South — W.R.Desobry >
Synonyms: see enclose
如果这字典还算可以的话,envelop和envelope都对。
曹老师学术造诣深厚,经常引经据典,眼睛里揉不得沙,所以从曹老师严谨的角度出发,两个词确实词性不同,grammarist网站也指出:两个词虽然都来源与古法语envoluper这个词,但是各自孤立地进入英语的,不能互换;
钟老师,则比较遵从大众(日常使用),grammarist网站也指出:......尽管如此,二者经常被混用。
像高考、四六级、考研等这样的国考,英文句子及文章都不是国内出题人自己杜撰出来的,都是从国外报刊杂志摘录的,挺多替换掉一些超纲词、孤僻词等等。所以一般不会出现原则性错误,或者语法错误。
而国外的哪些专栏作者,新闻记者等,并不个个都是语法权威,也不会个个都照着几本权威字典来写文章,如同很多中国作家、记者不会拿着康熙字典来写文字一样。所以出现一些与权威著作不同的写法和用法,都是很正常的。作为被英语折磨得“死去活来”的英语学习者来说,过于纠结国考中的某些小概率的,有争议的用法和措辞,实际意义不大。即使你这两个词用错了(因为大家都在混用),如果你能提笔就写出和这篇完形填空类似的文章,你的英文就已经很不错了。英文水平的高低,在于整体,而不是某些词,某些句子的深刻分析。
这么好的词,居然被疑似错误?
单词的词义,除了词典上能查到的,还有词典上查不到的。
但我的意思不是说僻义或新义,而是指因修辞手段而“衍生”的词义。
一个类似的例子:
On a height about a mile from the village the young fellows set up a tall cross enveloped in straw, so that it looked like a man with his arms stretched out. This was the Easter Man. No lad under eighteen years of age might take part in the ceremony.
(这句用的是V-ed分词)