老师们好。

2016高考江苏卷C篇有这样一段话：

The most recent powerful Nino, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Ninos come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.

我的疑问是：

1.  经查证，这篇文章的原材料来自《经济学人》international/2015/11/07/disaster-foretold，原文用的That is...。那么，原材料That is该如何分析？

2. 江苏高考题把That is改为 This is是否是对原That is的误读？为什么？