in love with:
这个结构应该分析为“短语介词”。其特点是:“介词 + 名词 + 介词”,具体说是:in + noun + with。它表示被描述的人或事物,与with 后面的宾语之间存在某种关系,这个名词就表示这种关系,in 表示“处于”。
例如:
in common with
in connection with
in comparison with
in harmony with
in company with
in relation with
这些词组,有的可以跟be 动词连用或跟不及物动词连用。例如:
be in love with (表状态)
fall in love with (表动作)
有的只作定语,例如:
I have something in common with you.
有的可以独立作状语,例如:
In comparison with this issue, that one is very difficult.
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be in love with sb 和 fall in love with sb 都是系表结构。只不过前置be是静态系词,表示主语处于某状态。fall 为动态系词,表示状态的改变。转态的改变本身是个事件。例如:
I am in love with you. 我爱(着)你。(我处于爱着你的状态中)
I have fallen in love with you. 我已经爱上你了。(由不爱到爱上你这个状态的改变发生在不确切的过去。)
He fell in love with Mary. (那时)他爱上了玛丽。
I am falling in love with you. 我快要爱上你了/我有点爱上你了。
转态动词的进行体表示即将、马上、快要之意。(转态事件尚未结束,即将结束)。这个句子仍然是系表结构。动态系词可以用进行体。
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网友请对比下面几个例子:
◆ We're in love! 我们相爱了!(《牛津高阶8》)
◆ She was in love with him. 她与他相爱了。(《牛津高阶8》)
■ fall in love (with sb)
I was 20 when I first fell in love.我20岁的时候第一次谈恋爱。(《剑桥双解》)
■ be / fall in love (with sb)
I think I'm falling in love with Tom.(《朗文双解》)
结构分析:
sb// be //in love with sb 主+系+表
in love with sb中, with sb修饰in love
关于fall in love with sb,《朗文高阶》认为fall是linking verb(系动词),所以可以加adj.
【BECOME】 [I, linking verb]
to start to be
in a new or different state
fall + adj
I'll stay with her until she falls asleep .
I think that I've fallen in love with
Angela.
She fell ill with flu.
Albert fell silent and turned his attention to his
food.
因此,fall in love with sb可以做同样的分析。
建议:对于这样的问题,知道fall in love with sb和be in love with sb的区别,基本就可以了。做太微观的剖析精神可嘉,但于学习有多少益处呢?当然,如果搞语言研究,另当别论。