2011 年的湖南高考英语的 Part IV 中有这样一句话:
Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doing homework.
请问这里为什么用 help doing sth 呢?为什么不用 help to do sth 句式呢?
看来这还真是个“问题”。关于 help sb doing sth 这一结构,刘青沅老师列举了多本词典说明不能这样用,细心的张老师找出了我在英语语法网以及其他网站的文章,我曾说过这个结构是可以用的,我给出的例句是: He helped her carrying her shopping home. 他帮她把买的东西提回家。 其实这个句子是有出处的,它来自商务印书馆国际有限公司出版的《张道真英语用法》第669页。读者也可能会怀疑,这个句子虽然出自张道真教授之书,但会不会是张道真教授弄错了,张道真教授虽然是著名的语法学家,但他毕竟是中国人,写英语句子也有可能会出错。于是我又查了张道真教授编著的《现代英语用法词典》(修订版),由于上面这个句子我在是《张道真英语用法》的 shopping 词条查到的,所以我就到《现代英语用法词典》的 shopping 词条去找,结果在该书的第1376页也查到了这个例句: He helped her carrying her shopping home. (Chambers) 根据该书“引用文献”的说明,例句后面的 Chambers 指的是 Chambers Universal Learners’ Dictionary by E. M. Kirkpatrick。可见张道真教授的这个句子是引自一本原版词典。 由此看来,help sb doing sth 这个结构也是可用的,但同时也说明它是有争议的。
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这个问题我早就注意到了,觉得这是一个“问题”,也曾试图联系湖南省考试院,但未联系上。眼看问题马上就要过期了,所以加了个晚班,查了些资料,整理如下,供大家参考:
▲《英语常见语法错误大曝光》(Nigel D. Turton):
误:Two people stopped and helped mechanging the wheel.
正:Two people stopped and helped mechange the wheel.
正:Two people stopped and helped meto change the wheel.
我们用 help (someone) do 或 to do something (不是doing)。
误:We were helped carry the pianoupstairs by one of our neighbours.
正:We were helped to carry the pianoupstairs by one of our neighbours.
比较:One of our neighours helped uscarry / to carry the piano upstairs.
▲《朗文英语正误用法词典》:
误:“Can I help you looking after theanimals?” he asked her.
正:“Can I help you (to) look afterthe animals?” he asked her.
▲《简明英语惯用法》(葛传椝;上海译文出版社):
误:Regular exercise will helpimproving your health.
误:Regular exercise will help youimproving your health.
正:Regular exercise will help toimprove your health.
正:Regular exercise will help improveyour health.(原来是美国用法)
正:Regular exercise will help you toimprove your health.
正:Regular exercise will help youimprove your health.(原来是美国用法)
正:Regular exercise will help you inimproving your health.
▲结论:2011 年的湖南高考英语的 Part IV 中的以下句子是值得商榷的:
Some can help studying for tests, explaining a lesson, and doinghomework.