2 which的用法

第一个问题:

Which design is the best must be tried in practice.

Whichever team gains the most points wins.

which/whichever修饰后面名词,它们究竟是疑问限定词,还是融合型关系限定词?感觉都能转化成any... that结构,算是关系限定词吗?

Which/what book do you like ?

Whose bag is this? 

which,what,whose应该是疑问限定词吧,疑问限定词只能用于简单句中吗?

还请老师举例说明下疑问限定词与融合型关系限定词的区别?


第二个问题:

“作为限定词,which,whose为特指意义,what通常表示泛指意义。 ”这句话如何理解?是根据范围是否明确说的吗?也麻烦老师举例说明!

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最佳答案 2019-05-11 08:53

疑问限定词可以引导特殊疑问句,也可以引导名词性疑问分句(或称为间接疑问句)。wh-词保持疑问意义。分句本身是个问句。

融合型关系限定词引导名词性关系分句。wh-词没有疑问含义。分句相当于一个名词词组。

Which design is the best must be tried in practice.

这个which分句是名词性疑问分句,which为疑问限定词。分句本身是个问题:Which design is the best? 哪种涉及最好?这要在实践中尝试/验证。疑问句作主语就是名词性疑问分句,只需将特殊疑问句去倒装、去问号即可。

Whichever team gains the most points wins.

这个whichever分句是名词性关系分句,whichever是融合型关系限定词。whichever team=the team that. 分句相当于一个名词词组被限制性定语从句修饰。wins的主语是the team.


Which/what book do you like ?

Whose bag is this? 

以上二句中的which,what, whose都是疑问限定词,引导特殊疑问句。

所有的疑问词(包括疑问限定词)都可以引导特殊疑问句(即你说的简单句或者称为直接问句),也可以引导名词性疑问分句(或称为间接疑问句)。例如:

Tell me which book you like.

Tell me whose bag this is.


疑问限定词和融合型关系限定词的区别在于:

1 前者有疑问含义,后者没有疑问含义;

2 前者引导名词性从句时,这个问句在主句中作成分。例如 Which design is the best整个问句的内容是主语。must be tried是针对问句内容的。

3 后者引导名词性关系分句时相当于一个名词词组,即真正在主句中作成分的是限定词所修饰的那个名词。例如whichever team gains the most points,真正做主语的是team, 谓语动词wins的主语是the team.

4 疑问限定词可以引导特殊疑问句,例如:Which design is the best? 而融合型关系限定词不能引导独立分句,Whichever team gains the most points. 这是错误的。因为该分句只相当于一个名词词组。


疑问限定词which,whose通常是针对this,that,his,our,Tom's等提问的。例如:

This car is the best. Which car is the best?

This is my book. Whose book is this?

所以,which和whose为特指限定词。

what通常就事物的种类提问,例如:What are you reading? I am reading a book. What are you eating? I am eating an apple. 所以通常认为what为泛指限定词。但这不是绝对的。融合型关系限定词what则为特指限定词:I gave him what money I had with me.

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  • zhgy2018   提出于 2019-05-05 11:13

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