刘老师您好,因为我对复合宾语有些疑惑,便找一些资料看看,过程中看到了一个句子:
I think it is convenient to come at two. 我对这个句子是有些疑惑的 我认为应当是I think it convenient to come at two, to come at two作think的宾语,convient 作宾补,这里用it做了形式宾语 刘老师,不知我的理解是否正确,对于复合宾语我确实不够理解 我还有一个疑惑,我明白一般动词的宾语是名词,不定式还是动名词都是有固定的用法的。 不清楚的是,资料上说,动名词和不定式,从句可以做复合宾语的宾语,那什么时候用动名词,什么时候用不定式,以及是否还有其他成分可以做复合宾语的宾语 谢谢刘老师!
两句都对,只是结构不同:
I think it is convenient to come at two.(think 跟宾语从句)
I think it convenient to come at two. (think 跟复合宾语)
这从能否添加连词that 可以验证:
I think that it is convenient to come at two.(正)
I think that it convenient to come at two. (误)
关于最后一个问题:在复合宾语中,如果不定式、动名词、从句作宾语时,该如何处理。
我详细解答如下:
有这样一个句子:You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and dance as soon as he could walk. 句子意思是:“你可能会感到惊奇,在查理刚能说话时大人就教他唱歌,他刚能走路时大人就教他跳舞。”
本句含有一个常见的句型结构:find + it + adj. + that从句。句中的it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为that从句(其中that从句又包含一个由as soon as引导的时间状语从句),astonishing 为形容词作宾语补足语。真正宾语也可以由不定式、动名词、甚至从句充当。例如:
We found it quite pleasant to work with him. 我们发现跟他一块工作很愉快。
I felt it hard to communicate with them. 我感觉难以跟他们交流。
He considers it quite foolish to do like that. 他认为那样做很愚蠢。
We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。
该句式中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便,我们称该句型为“6123结构”。——这就是传说中的“6123结构”。
“6”指主句中6个常用动词:think, consider, believe, make, find, feel。“1”指形式宾语it ;“2”指宾补的两种形式:形容词或名词;“3”指真正宾语的三种形式:①不定式短语,②动名词短语,③that引导的宾语从句。
This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields. 这种特殊的稻种能够在同样的田里增加三分之一的农作物产量。
This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop. 这产生了连锁反应,使得生命孕育发展成为可能。
He didn’t make it clear when and where the meeting would be held. 我们还没弄清楚会议将在何时何地召开。
She made it a rule to get up at six and take a walk in the morning. 她在早晨六点起床然后散步已成为习惯。
Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin? 看见有人踩在香蕉皮上滑倒,你觉得有趣吗?
The teacher feels it his duty to help the student with his English. 老师感到,帮助学生学习英语是自己的责任。
We thought it necessary that the two sides should stop arguing. 我们认为,双方停止争论是必要的。
I consider it rude to stare at other people. 我认为,眼睛盯着别人看是无礼的。
We believe it useless reading without understanding. 我们认为,不理解的情况下阅读是没用的。
He considered it a good thing that the parliaments would be involved. 他认为,议会将卷入其中是好事一桩。
Ann felt it an justice that she had been automatically blamed. 安觉得,她已自动接受职责是公正的。
They find it a mystery that he has never mentioned his parents. 他从来没提到过自己的父母,他们发觉真是个谜团。
We consider it necessary that the machine should be oiled regularly. 我们认为,有必要对这台机器经常加油润滑。
Under the circumstances I feel it right that you should know. 在这种情况下,我觉得你应该知道。
I found it strange that she had not come yet. 她竟然没来,我发现奇怪。
Mr. Black made it clear that the students should prepare every lesson. 布莱克先生明确指出,学生应准备每一节课。
I think it important that we should keep calm. 我认为我们保持冷静是很重要的。
I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容易。
I consider it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。
I find it easy to get on with her. 我发现她很容易相处。
They haven’t made it known where they are to hold the conference. 他们还没宣布会议在哪里开。
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第1个语法结构解析
(1)I think (that省略)it is convenient to come at two.
解析:以上为省略that连词引导宾语从句,属于主从复合句。
(A):I为句子主语
(B):think为句子谓语
(C):that it is convenient to come at two为句子宾语.(从句充当句子宾语)
第2个语法结构解析
(2)I think it convenient to come at two.
解析:以上为主语+谓语+不定式复合宾语结构,即主语+谓语+宾语+宾补结构,属于简单句。
(A):I为句子主语
(B):think为句子谓语
(C):it为句子形式宾语
(D):convenient为句子宾语补足语
(E):to come at two为句子真正宾语
第3关于6123句子结构解析
(1)6表示有6个这样及物动词:find, think, consider, feel, believe,make
(2)1表示1个形式宾语:it
(3)2表示2种形式宾补:(1)名词(n.);(2)形容词(adj.)
(4)3表示3个不同形式真正宾语:(1)doing; (2)to do;(3)that从句
(A):that从句作句子真正宾语
They find it a mystery that he has never mentioned his parents.
他从来没提到过自己的父母,他们发觉真是个谜团。
We considered it necessary that the two sides should stop arguing.
我们认为,双方停止争论是必要的。
(B):不定式“to do”作句子真正宾语
I thought it best to call first.
我认为最好还是先打个电话。
I thought it appropriate to invite her to speak at the meeting.
我认为应当邀请她在会上发言。
(C):动名词“doing”作句子真正宾语
I consider it useless discussing the matter with them.
我认为和他们讨论这件事没有用。
He did not consider it worthwhile spending a lot of time on paperback thrillers.
他认为花大量时间读惊险小说是不值得的。
第4关于6123结构第2个版本解析
当宾语由:不定式/动名词/that从句充当,且后面带有宾补时,需要把宾补提前,然后再加1个形式宾语it(简称为6123结构)
主语+think/find / make /feel/believe/consider+it+adj./n+(doing/to do/ that)从句
I consider it useless discussing the matter with them.
我认为和他们讨论这件事没有用。
He did not consider it worthwhile spending a lot of time on paperback thrillers.
他认为花大量时间读惊险小说是不值得的。
I consider it the greatest honour to have been permitted to study your method of working.
我认为被允许学习你的工作方法是最大的荣幸。
I consider it a great honour to be here this evening.
我把今晚能参加这个会看作是很大的荣幸。
She considered it important that everything should be finished by eight.
她认为在8点以前把所有的事情完成很重要。
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