So he shut himself up in his castle, whose impregnable strength was such as defied a siege.
【翻译】所以他把自己关在他的城堡里,城堡的结实程度是坚不可摧,足以抵挡住围攻。
such 通常用作“限定词”,如果被用作表语(如本句),一般视为“代词”用法,后面可以接that 引导的结果状语从句;也可以接as 引导的从句,传统语法称为“定语从句”,现代语法称为“比较从句”。本句便是此用法,as defied a siege 从句完整,不缺成分, as 暗示着充当了从句的主语。defy a siege:抵抗围攻。
as defied a siege 也可以换成不定式,表示结果,为 such(...)as to...结构。
So he shut himself up in his castle, whose impregnable strength was such as to defy a siege.
▲这句话的结构是:主语 + be + such (主句)as ...(比较状语)
▲such 作be 的表语,意为“如此的;这样的”,as ...是对such 的描述或是such 的结果。
such 跟so 的区别是:such 是限定词,可以作定语;可以是代词作表语;so 是副词,修饰形容词或副词,但不可单独作表语。试比较:
She is such a nice girl that everyone likes her.(such 作定语)
such可以作定语,也可以直接作表语,例如:
The girl is such that everyone likes her.(such 作表语)
The girl is so nice that everyone likes her.(so 是副词修饰nice)
▲关于such 后面接的两种用法,举例对比说明:
His rashness is such as often cuases unnecessary risk.(比较从句)
His rashness is such that he often runs unnecessary risk.(结果从句)
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So he shut himself up in his castle, whose impregnable strength was such as defied a seige.
于是他把自己关在城堡里,城堡里坚不可摧的力量足以抵挡围攻。
Whose impregnable strength was such as defied a seige.
按照传统语法结构分析:as 引导定语从句 表语+定语从句
Whose impregnable strength was such as defied a seige.
按照现代语法分析:as 引导比较状语从句
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