apologize to sb的to sb和apologize for sth的for sth是做状语吗？

你的理解是正确的，前置做对象状语，后者作原因状语。具体如下：

(1)apologize to sb(to sb为介词短语作对象状语）向某人道歉。

I have come to apologize to you.  

我是来向你道歉的.

He apologized to the people who had been affected. 

他向受到影响的人赔了不是。

It was galling to have to apologize to a man she hated.  

令人恼火的是得向她憎恶的男人道歉。

(2)apologize for sth/doing sth（for sth/doing sth为介词短语作原因状语）因某事/做某事道歉/致歉。

I apologize for being late. 我为自己的迟到致歉。

Two years ago, Congress formally apologized for the internment. 

两年前，国会就此拘留事件正式道歉。

We apologize for the delay and regret any inconvenience it may have caused.  

我们对此次延误以及因此有可能造成的所有不便表示道歉。

(3)apologize to sb for sth/doing sth（to sb介词短语作对象状语，for sth/doing sth为介词短语为原因状语）。因某事/做某事向某人道歉。

I really ought to apologize to you for having stood in your light so long. 

我早就该向你道歉,我阻碍了你的前程有这么久.

You'll apologize to me for your impertinence, or you'll quit the office instantly!  

你这样放肆,非向我道歉不可! 不然,你给我马上滚!