评注性状语(外加状语,disjunct) 是独立于句子之外的状语,属于句子状语,但它不是修饰句子,而是说话人对句子所做的评论或解释。评注性状语通常位于句首,有逗号和句子隔开。
1、副词词组做评注性状语,可以改写为以该副词的同源形容词作表语的主从复合句。那么它的逻辑主语是it 谓语动词是加be动词。例如:
Surprisingly, he failed in the exam. (评论)
(It was surprising that he failed in the exam.)
此处是章振邦老师《新编英语语法教程》里评注性状语里的例句:
Very frankly ,I'm tired of it.
=It's very frankly that I'm tired of it.--我写的转换句。
Theoretically, this is a marvellous piece of scientific writing.
=It's theoretical that this is a marvellous piece of scientific writing.--我写的转换句。
2、非限定分句做评注性状语,非限定分句的逻辑主语是说话人,而不是句子的主语。说话人一般情况是自己。
To be honest, I don't like him. (解释)
(When I say: "I don't like him", I am honest. )
此处是章振邦老师《新编英语语法教程》里评注性状语里的例句:
To be sure, some people may disagree.
=When I say :"some people may disagree",I am sure.--我写的转换句。
3、介词词组做评注性状语。那么逻辑主语it ,谓语动词是be动词。
此处是章振邦老师《新编英语语法教程》里评注性状语里的例句:
In my opinion ,you'd better go with us .
=It is in my opinion, you'd better go with us.--我写的转换句
4、无动词分句中的形容词和形容词词组做评注性状语,逻辑主语是什么?转换句是怎么写的?
此处是章振邦老师《新编英语语法教程》里评注性状语里的例句:
Curious ,the game turned out that way.
Even more important ,he is charge of the project.
5、限定分句做评注性状语。逻辑主语是什么?
What's more important ,this project offered prospects of a great profit.
6、还有一个困扰我的一个问题。come this way。this way是名词词组做方式状语。我的理解是否正确,如果正确,那么怎么判断名词词组是做状语,做方式状语的?
以上1、2、3我的理解是否正确,写的转换句是否正确?
4、5逻辑主语是什么?转换句是怎么写的?
6我的理解是否正确,如果正确那么怎么判断名词词组是做状语,做方式状语的?
学语法,重在理解其原理,不应该钻牛角尖。
既然评注性状语是说话人对句子的评论或注释,那么状语就是表明说话人是怎么看待自己所说的话的。转换只是用来试图解释评注性状语的意思,不可千篇一律。
1、副词词组做评注性状语,根据副词的词义,可以改写为以该副词的同源形容词作表语的主从复合句。例如:
Surprisingly, he failed in the exam. (评论)
(It was surprising that he failed in the exam.)
也可以用同源形容词作表语,说明主语说话时的态度。例如:
Very frankly ,I'm tired of it. (解释)
=I’m very frank when I say "I'm tired of it."
Theoretically, this is a marvellous piece of scientific writing. (观点下加状语)
章振邦的《新编英语语法》没有下加状语,把夸克下加状语中的宽指向下加状语中的观点下加状语混入夸克的评注性状语中了。这个句子中的theoretically并不是评注性状语,而是观点下加状语。所以这个副词不能用以上二种方法转换。这个句子可以作如下改写:
From the theoretical point of view, this is a marvellous piece of scientific writing
2、非限定分句做评注性状语,非限定分句的逻辑主语是说话人,而不是句子的主语。
To be honest, I don't like him. (解释)
= When I say: "I don't like him", I am honest.
To be sure, some people may disagree. (解释)
= I'm sure that some people may disagree.
3、介词词组做评注性状语。那么逻辑主语it ,谓语动词是be动词。
此处是章振邦老师《新编英语语法教程》里评注性状语里的例句:
In my opinion ,you'd better go with us . (解释)
=I think that you'd better go with us.
4、无动词分句中的形容词和形容词词组做评注性状语,逻辑主语是什么?转换句是怎么写的?
Curious ,the game turned out that way. (解释)
= I'm curious that the game turned out that way.
Even more important ,he is in charge of the project. (评论)
= It is even more omportant that he is in charge of the project.
5、限定分句做评注性状语。逻辑主语是什么?
What's more important ,this project offered prospects of a great profit. (评论)
= It is more important that this project offered prospects of a great profit.
6、还有一个困扰我的一个问题。come this way。
this way是名词词组做方向状语,不是方式状语。
come为不及物动词,this way不可能是宾语,只能是状语。这是从语法角度判断。this way意为这条路,这边,表示方向,是修饰come,而不是接受come这个动作。这是从逻辑分析。所以语法分析+逻辑分析,就不难判断一个名词词组是作状语还是作宾语。
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