如何快速区分系表结构与被动结构

He was much agitated by the news.

他听到消息后很激动(被动结构)

The composition was written with great care.

这篇作文写得很用心(被动语态)

The composition is well written.

这盘作文是写得好的(系表结构)

I have been driven to it.

我是被迫至此(被动语态)

The flowers will be planted next week.

下周种花(被动语态)

老师,不知道上面句子的理解对不对,有时理解我都会出错,不是很好地掌握;一般物做主语是不会自己发出动作的,有时区分二者的主要从by+人,或加状语与by+物的区别吗,前者是被动,后者是系表吗,我发觉有时英语的逻辑说辞,还是有点难啊?


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最佳答案 2019-01-15 17:04

判断“被动”还是“系表”,快速的办法是:

1. 看时态:一般过去时多为“被动”(包括将来时),现在时多为“系表”。

2. 有无by:有by 肯定是被动,无by 时,两种情况都有可能,这时需要参照第一条。

具体分析如下:

He was much agitated by the news.

他听到消息后很激动(被动结构)——正确。

The composition was written with great care.

这篇作文写得很用心(被动语态)——正确。

The composition is well written.

这盘作文是写得好的(系表结构)——正确。

I have been driven to it.

我是被迫至此(被动语态)——正确。

The flowers will be planted next week.

下周种花(被动语态)——正确。


【注意】一些由过去分词变来的ed 形容词,均表示“状态”,跟be 连用,仍然是系表结构,不是被动语态。例如:

He was quickly accustomed to this new way of life.

他很快就习惯了这种新的生活方式。

You will have to be accommodated to the changed situation.

你必须适应变化了的形势。

She was adapted to the new climate quickly.

她很快就适应了这种新气候。

He can't be adjusted to the whirl of modern life in this big city.

他无法适应这个大都市的现代生活的忙碌。

The old man was addicted to smoking.

那位老人吸烟成瘾。

Nowadays some young people are abandoned to drinking.

现如今,一些年轻人沉湎于饮酒。

You will have to be buried in your studies if you want to pass the exam.

如果你想通过考试,就得专心致志地学习。

Robert was charged with the task of overcoming a technical difficulty.

罗伯特承担了攻克技术难关的任务。

He was hidden in the woods.

他藏在森林中。

She should be concerned with your health.

她应关心你的身体。

After graduation he continued to be devoted to the research.

毕业之后他继续致力于研究工作。

He was dedicated to the cause of science.

他献身科学事业。

She was distinguished by her coolness and bravery.

她因头脑冷静、敢作敢为而为人称道。

She was dressed in a red dress at the party testerday.

昨天在晚会上,她穿上了一件红色的连衣裙。

For years he has been drowned in the study of English literature.

好多年来他一直钻研英国文学。

He wants to be engaged in foreign trade.

他想从事对外贸易。

When I am lost in the study, I can't hear anything.

当我沉浸于学习中,我什么也听不见了。

He was occupied with various research projects.

他终日从事各种研究计划。

I am opposed to the training plan.

我反对那项训练计划。

I am prepared for the long ride on the bus to work.

我正准备踏上耗时的上班之旅。

I am restricted to smoking two cigarettes a day.

我每天只抽两支烟。

But after he gets over the shock, he is usually resigned to his fate and then becomes as happy as normal boys.

可是这种难受不安过去后,他也只有听天由命,现在比一般正常的儿童还快乐。

He was finally able to be rid of all financial worries.

他终于能摆脱了所有的财政忧虑。

They were seated on a bench that stood by the lake.

他们在湖畔的一条长凳上坐下。

He was thrown into work once he got back from his holidays.

他度假一回来就投身于工作。

I don't want to be associated with them any more. 

我不愿再和他们交往了。

He was isolated from the masses.

他脱离了群众。


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  • ruiqiang 提出于 2019-01-14 17:35

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