When the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins.
这句话中to eat 能用 to be eaten 吗?
完全可以,即:
When the vegetables are ready to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins.
=When the vegetables are ready to be eaten, children pick large orange pumpkins.
能这样用的形容词比较有限,除 ready 外,比较常见的还有 free, fit 等。如:
The water is not fit to drink.
=The water is not fit to be drunk.
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When the vegetables are ready (for children 省略)to eat, children pick large orange pumpkins. (用主动形式表示被动 意义)
关于“主语+be + 形容词 + to do 结构用法”探究
【1】在“主语+be + 性质形容词 + to do”结构中,通常使用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
The cake is easy (for me 省略) to make. 这种蛋糕很容易做。
=The cake is easy for me to make.=To make the cake is easy for me.
=It is easy for me to make the cake.
The apples are hard to reach. “苹果很难够到。
The boss is hard to get along with. 这个老板很难说话。
He is easy to please . 讨好他很容易。
Japanese is difficult (for Europeans) to learn . 对欧洲人来说,学日语很难。
His theory is impossible to understand 他的理论人们无法理解。
Are these berries good to eat ? 这种莓子好吃吗?
The apples were ripe enough to pick . 苹果够熟了,可以摘了。
The letters are ready to sign . 这些信可以签字了。
The box was too heavy to lift . 箱子太重,拿不起来。
备注(1):不定式逻辑主语for sb隐藏在句中,因此虽然不定式逻辑宾语(即句中主语)为不定式的动作承受者(属于动宾关系)但是仍然要主动形式表示被动含义。
备注(2) :性质形容词: easy, hard, difficult, impossible, good,fit, ready
【2】在“主语+be + 情感状态形容词 + to do”结构中,如果句子的主语与不定式是主动关系,不定式使用主动形式;如果句子的主语与不定式是被动关系,使用不定式的被动形式。
I am glad to attend her party. 我很高兴参加她的聚会。
I am glad to be invited to her party. 我很高兴被邀请参加她的聚会。
I’m grateful to be taken care of. 我受到了照顾,我很感激。
备注(1):当句子主语为不定式动作执行者,即不定式逻辑中主语为不定式执行者,用不定式主动形式。
备注(2):当句子主语为不定式动作承受者,即不定式逻辑中主语为不定式承受者,用不定式被动形式。
备注(3):情感状态glad, pleased, happy, joyful, delighted, angry, angry, sorry.
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