定语从句疑问

老师您好,这个句子中的Dickens felt 后面为什么又能跟一个was?

After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct the drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.

 我在解析上看到如下解释:该句子中的定语从句结构不严谨,补充完整为

A drawing that/which Dickens felt was…

 我还是有点懵,为什么定语从句后面能跟两个动词?一个felt,一个was。

在此从句中为什么能跟两个动词?

 

我所认知的从句,都是如下的形式

1.从句中只有一个动词

I take the money that doesn't belong to me

2.在有代词(what,which等)的情况下,可以有两个动词

What you should do now is learning more.

Who you used to love has married.

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最佳答案 2018-12-11 00:21

After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct the drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.

我们知道含有定语从句的句子实际上是由二个分句合并而成的。我先把上述句子简化为二个独立分句,然后再合并为一个句子,你就清楚了。

1 Dickens asked him to correct the drawing. The drawing was not faithful to his prose.

这个句子中的the drawing指的是同一幅画。第二个drawing是句子的主语。我们用关系代词that/which替换第二个the drawing, 就得到:

Dickens asked him to correct the drawing which was not faithful to his prose.

在这个定语从句中,关系代词在从句中作主语,是不能省略的。没有关系代词就是语法错误。

2 再看另一种情况:

Dickens asked him to correct the drawing. Dickens felt the drawing was not faithful to his prose.

这二个句子中的the drawing仍然指的是同一幅画,第二个句子是个主从复合句,the drawing是felt后的宾语从句的主语。像这样的二个句子我们仍然能够将它们合并为一个含有定语从句的句子,即用关系代词that/which替换the drawing, 并移至Dickens之前,得到:

After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct the drawing which Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.

在这个定语从句中,关系代词which是定语从句中的宾语从句的主语,由于要引导定语从句,所以移到了主句之前。由于which不是定语从句本身的主语,而只是定语从句的宾语从句的主语,这个which就是可以省略的。于是省略关系代词which后得到:

After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct the drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.

这就是网友的句子。这是一个百分之百正确的句子。没有任何不严谨之处。网友所说的某书的解析认为这个句子不严谨,只能说明该书作者对定语从句的了解不够全面,受了所谓“插入语”的错误分析的误导。

在which不省略的情况下,the drawing which Dickens felt was not faithful... 有人认为这个定语从句中的Dickens felt是插入语,因为去掉Dickens felt后,the drawing was not faithful的结构仍然是完整的。但现在which省略了,如果再将Dickens felt去掉,则结构就是错误的。对于哪些认为这种定语从句中的Dickens felt是插入语的人来说,自然会认为则个句子不严谨,在他们看来,拿掉插入语,定语从句就没有主语了,而关系代词作主语是不能省略的。所以他们会认为这个which不能省略。但实际情况是,这个which是完全可以省略的。Dickens felt根本就不是插入语,而是定语从句中的主句。这个例句充分说明了”插入语“的分析是对这种定语从句的 错误分析,这种分析的后果就是可能将一个正确的句子误判为错误。

现代语法将这种定语从句称为嵌入式定语从句(embedded relative clause)。即定语从句本身是个带有宾语从句的复合句,关系代词为宾语从句的主语或宾语。


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其它 1 个回答

陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

After the first installment, Dickens wrote to the artist and asked him to correct the drawing Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.

参考译文:第一期刊载之后,狄更斯给这位艺术家写信,并让他修改一幅图画,他觉得这幅画不能如实反映他的散文。

Dicks felt 有以下2种理解

(1)当做插入语

(1)引导定语从句,省略关系代词“that/which”并在定语从句作宾语

the drawing (that)Dickens felt was not faithful enough to his prose.

关系代词that在定语从句“that Dickens felt”作宾语,并在定语从句“that was not faithful enough to his prose”作主语。


(1)What you should do now is learning more.

应该改为

What you should do is to learn more.

你应该做的事情是学习更多知识。

(2)Who you used to love has married.

应该改为

The person who you used to love has married.

你以前爱的那个人已经结婚了。

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  • 飞飞 提出于 2018-12-10 14:58

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