请问老师:
while + 分词短语
when + 分词短语
比如:
When rolling down the hill, he snatched at a rock.
这里when 当一个副词修饰 rolling 分词短语吗?
是不是可以把这个句子改写成:
when he rolled down the hill, he snatched at a rock.
把分词短语形式 when rolling... 当成 when he rolled... 的简略形式。
就如 the girl reading that book 可以 表达成 the girl who is reading that book 一样。
是不是所有的 关系副词 都可以跟 分词短语,比如
How doing … when done… where doing… why done…
题主所说的是状语从句中省略的现象。
状语从句中,如果从句中的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句的谓语部位有be动词,就可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分或全部省略。当然,也有主句中的主语和从句中的主语不一致的情况,但如果根据主句与从句的对应关系判断,意思比较明确,也适用状语从句的省略现象。
如你自己给的句子:
When rolling down the hill, he snatched at a rock.
那么,根据我说的规则,其实完整的句子是:
When(he was) rolling down the hill, he snatched at a rock.
而不是题主说的:
when he rolled down the hill, he snatched at a rock.
又或者:
There are a few simple safety measures to follow while (you are) training.
When/While walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground.
当然,被动也可以:
When(she was)asked the question of her marriage, the pop star kept silent.
其他疑问词也可以,例如:
We all expect to live where (the place is ) not polluted.
而题主所给出的另外一个句子:
the girl reading that book
这里是非谓语动词reading作定语,所以跟When rolling down the hill, he snatched at a rock.这个句子是完全不同的概念。
希望对你有所帮助。
while+(动态动词)的现在分词可以看作是进行体的简化,即省略主语+助动词be
While rolling down the hill, he snatched at a rock.
=While he was rolling down the hill, he snatched at a rock(正确)
当他从山上滚下来的时候,他抓住了一块岩石。
while rolling down 是while he was rolling down的简化结构
(这种语言现象叫:带有/保留连词现在分词作状语)
He fell asleep while (he was 省略) doing his homework.
他做着做着功课就睡着了。
While (we were省略) doing so, we decided to sell our boat.
在这样做时,我们决定把船卖掉。
She watched a few of the games while (she was省略) waiting to go on court.
她在等待上场时观看了几场比赛。
备注:静态动词现在分词作状语,只能改为一般体的状语从句,带有连词的动态动词现在分词作状语,可以改为一个进行体状语从句。
Not knowing the address of the bus station, he turned to a policeman for help.
=As he didn't know the address of the bus station, he turned to a policeman for help
由于不知道汽车站地址,他去问警察
Seeing the police, he made a run for the exit.
=As soon as he saw the police, he made a run for the exit
一看到警察他就向出口奔去。
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