As long as you have faith in your cause, salvation will not be denied us.
请问:
1. 这句话最后需要加to吗?
2. deny sb sth这个结构里面谁是直接宾语?
deny sb sth=vt+Oi+Od = deny sth to sb.
关于双宾语动词的主动句转换为被动句的问题,《剑桥英语语法》对此有所讨论。P249
双宾语及物动词的主动句。转换为被动语态时,间接宾语和直接宾语都有可能作为被动句的主语。当间接宾语作为主语时,这种被动句称为第一被动句(first passive)。当直接宾语作为主语时,这种被动句称为第二被动句(second passive)。这个名称一方面反映了间接宾语和直接宾语在主动句中的顺序,同时也反映了转换为被动句时优先选择的顺序。在实际应用中,第一被动句远比第二被动句更为常用。例如:
I sent Tom a copy. 主动句
Tom was sent a copy. 第一被动句
A copy was sent Tom. 第二被动句(可接受性受质疑)
双宾语动词的间接宾语大体可分为二类。一类为动作的受事者(recipient),转换为单宾语结构时,间接宾语用介词to 引出。一类为动作的受益者(beneficiary),转换为单宾语动词时,间接宾语用介词for引出。
当间接宾语为受事者时,第一被动句是完全可接受的,也是最常见的。但第二被动句的可接受性人们的态度不一。多数人认为这种被动句是不可接受的,少数人认为可以。
当间接宾语为受益者时,无论是第一被动句还是第二被动句都不是完全可以接受的。但很多人认为第一被动句可以勉强接受(marginally acceptable)。
当双宾语改为被动句不可接受时,则应先改为单宾语结构,即Vt+Od+to/for +Oi. 然后改为被动句,Od +be+V-ed + to/for +Oi , 则不存在不可接受的问题了。示例:
I sent Tom a copy. 间接宾语为受事者
Tom was sent a copy. (正)
A copy was sent Tom (? 可接受性受质疑)
A copy was sent to Tom (正)
I bought Tom a present. 间接宾语为受益者
Tom was bought a present. (? 勉强可接受)
A present was bought Tom (误)
A present was bought for Tom. (正)
网友的句子中,间接宾语为受事者,采用了第二被动句。这种结构但多数人认为是不可接受的。因此,被动句中的间接宾语应该由介词to 引出。即在us前加介词 to.
另外,这个句子人称代词使用错误,代词指代不一致。要么都用第一人称,要么都用第二人称。人称使用混乱是写作的败笔。另外,不恰当的使用第二被动句,可见这个句子的作者写作技能有待提高。
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As long as you have faith in your cause, salvation will not be denied us.
请问:
1. 这句话最后需要加to吗?
2. deny sb sth这个结构里面谁是直接宾语?
【答】deny 用法小结:
1. deny 的基本意思是“否认知情、“否定”,即认为某事不真实、站不住脚、不值得考虑或与事实不符。引申可作“拒绝, 谢绝”解。
2. deny 是及物动词,作“否认”解时, 可接名词、代词、动名词或that从句作宾语,但一般不接动词不定式作宾语。引申作“拒绝给予”解时,可接双宾语,其间接宾语可转化为介词to 的宾语(被动时可省略to)。
3. deny 接反身代词作宾语时, 意为“舍弃”。
4. deny 后面接名词或动名词作宾语,不接动词不定式。
He denied having done so.
他否认自己这样做过。
5. deny 后面也可以接that引导的从句。
He denied that she was to blame.
他否认她有过失。
现在讨论网友的句子:
As long as you have faith in your cause, salvation will not be denied us.
= As long as you have faith in your cause, salvation will not be denied to us.
= As long as you have faith in your cause, other people will deny us salvation.
【翻译】只要你对你的事业有信心,我们就不用别人的施舍救济。
通过以上转换即可看出:
deny sb.(间接宾语) sth. (直接宾语)= deny sth.(直接宾语)to sb. (间接宾语):拒绝给某人某物。
它的被动式有两个:
(1)sb. is denied sth. :某人得不到(被拒绝得到)某物。
(2)sth. is denied (to) sb. 某人得不到(被拒绝得到)某物。
在被动语态下,当something 作主语时,间接宾语之前有无to 均可。
又如:
sth. is denied (to) sb. 例句:
Such a chance was denied (to) me. 我得不到这样一个机会。
Access to the information was denied (to) them. 他们无法得到这个情报。
At that time education was denied (to) the working classes. 那时,劳动人民不能受教育。
sb. is denied sth. 例句:
She was denied this request. 她的请求被拒绝。
We are denied use of the land by the ruling classes. 统治阶层剥夺了我们使用土地的权利。
I was denied the chance of going to university. 我得不到上大学的机会。
He was denied access to the Queen. 他未被准许接近女王。
The people without a ticket are denied entry. 没有票的人不许入内。
The party was denied legal status. 那个党没有获得合法地位。
He was glad to be denied this opportunity. 没给他这个机会,他倒也很高兴。
They were denied passage through the occupied territory. 他们被禁止穿越占领区。
No one should be denied a good education. 不应该剥夺任何人接受良好教育的权利。
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网友提出问题涉及到双宾语问题,即动词后接了2个宾语,一个为间接承受对象(间接宾语),一个为直接承受对象(直接宾语)
关于接双宾语动词变被动语态有以下2种情况
(1)可以用介词to/for把直接宾语和间接宾语调换位置变成“单宾语结构”这样的双宾语及物动词很多,有give, pass, award, send, buy, make, order, book等等。
以上接双宾语及物动词改被动语态有以下2种情况。
A:间接宾语作主语,后面不需要接介词to或者介词for
主动语态:Tom gave me two apples.
被动语态:
I was given two apples by Tom.
Two apples were given to me by Tom。(介词to不能省略)
B:直接宾语作主语,后面需要接介词to或者介词for,否则为错误表达。
(2)有些动词不能用介词把直接宾语和间接宾语调换位的及物动词.allow, ask等。
He allows his son too much money.
变被动:His son is allowed too much money
He asked me some questions.
变被动:I was asked some questions.
动词deny 属于deny sb sth结构,是不能用介词to/for调换位置的,属于第2种情况.deny 类似于allow,前面否定,后面为肯定
(1)deny sb sth=sb be denied sth(正确表达)
(2)deny sth to sb(错误表达)
(1)allow sb sth=sb be allowed sth(正确表达)
Tom's father allowed him a computer.
表被动=Tom was allowed a computer
(2)allow sth to sb(错误表达)
He denied me any help while I was doing the work.
当我正在工作的时候,他拒绝给予我任何帮助。
He denied his wife nothing.
他对妻子有求必应。
He denied the students a chance to speak.
他不给学生们讲话的机会。
If he is unlucky, he may find that his ex-partner denies him access to his children.
如果不走运的话,他可能会发现前妻拒绝让他接近自己的孩子。
Don't deny yourself pleasure.
不要有乐不享。
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