Its hero avoids being civilized—going to school and learning to read—so he can preserve his innate goodness.

参考译文：书中的主人公逃避上学读书之类的教化，因此保持住自已天生的善良。

请问老师，avoid是谓语动词，后面的being civilized为什么要加being?

解答如下：

(1)sb avoid doing sth 某人避免做某事（动名词主动作宾语）

The lazy man tried every shift to avoid doing his work.  

这懒汉采取各种手段回避工作.

She made a firm resolve to avoid doing any thing dishonest.  

她下定决心不做不诚实的事情.

The lazy man tried every shift to avoid doing his work.  

这懒汉采取各种手段回避工作.

She made a firm resolve to avoid doing any thing dishonest.  

她下定决心不做不诚实的事情.

Harry often cleans his room a tactic to avoid doing his homework.  

哈里常以打扫房间逃避做作业的计策.

(2)sb avoid being done 某人避免被做某事（动名词被动作宾语）

He'd managed to avoid being sidetracked by Schneider's problems.  

他最终总算没有因施奈德的问题而分心。

Women have to dress modestly to avoid being harassed by the locals.  

女士穿着应当庄重，以免受到当地人的骚扰。

He tried all sorts of dodges to avoid being called up.  

他挖空心思,耍弄各种花招以逃避被征召入伍.