“连词+现在分词”是否一定是现在进行时简化来的(涉及葛传槼先生的观点)

Though loving her, I still cannot help her. 

这句话里的 loving 葛传槼老先生说是不对的,他的解释是,不能说 though I am loving her, 所以不能说 though loving her,这样拆解的思路是否有问题?如果换成其他动词,例如 Though understanding her, I still cannot help her. 是不是就正确了?连词+现在分词作状语,应该如何解读?是否能一概看成省略了主语和 be 的状语从句?

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最佳答案 2018-12-31 21:20

部分连词+现在分词作状语,有二种不同的理解:

1 现在分词作状语,为了强调分词是什么状语,则在分词前加从属连词。

2 有些从属连词引导的状语从句,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,且从句的谓语含有be, 则可以省略从句的主语和be.

有些情况下,一个句子用这两种解释都可以。例如:

动态动词的现在分词表示事件意义时:

When doing his homework, he heard the knocking at the door.

这个状语可以理解为来自以下二个句子之一:

Doing his homework, he heard the knocking at the door.

When he was doing his homework, he heard the knocking at the door.

但有时候则只有一种解释合理,另一种则不合理。例如:

当现在分词是静态动词或表示习惯意义的动态动词时,则无法用省略主语+be来解释。

Though practising English everyday, he still cannot communicate in it.

Though living in a small village, he has access to the internet.

以上二个分词分别表示习惯和状态,改为状语从句时,都用一般现在时而不是现在进行时,故不能用省略来解释。只能认为是分词作状语加了连词。

下面句子则只能用省略来解释,而不能说是介词短语作状语,为了强调时间而加了连词:

While in China, he leart Chinese cooking. 时间状语

In China, he leart Chinese cooking. 地点状语

由此可见,以上二种解释都有不合理之处。或许这种结构本来就是如此,并不是状语从句省略了成分或者分词作状语加了连词。不容否认的现实是,部分连词可以后接非限定动词或名词、形容词、介词短语作状语。现代语法则不追究这种结构的来源,只是简单地将这种结构作为从属连词引导的非限定状语分句或无动词分句状语分句加以介绍。


英国BNC语料库以下例句足以证明连词+doing形式作状语并非都是省略了主语+be而来的。

The clause, though having no legal validity, would very likely mislead the consumer as to his rights.

Elizabeth Mowbray, though having reservations about the deception, could in truth see no harm in it. 

She twirled a knob of hair and crooned as though having described a trifling scene.

The win lifts Northern Ireland to third place in Group III, equal on points with the Republic, though having played a game more and with an inferior goal difference.

类似的例句很多。

由实际语言应用可知,葛传生先生的认为连词+静态动词为错误的观点似乎欠妥。连词后接非限定动词作状语,并非都是状语从句省略而来。

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其它 2 个回答

黎反修   - 英语翻译 (已退休)
擅长:数词用法,存在句,英语考试

《刘毅英语语法宝典》指出:“在从属连词 if, when, while, though, as, than, unless 等所引导的从句中,句意明确时可省略主语和 be 动词。”(p.645)

She seemed healthy, though (she is) thin.她虽然瘦,但看起来很健康。(《韦氏高阶英汉双解词典》) 

That's possible, though (it is) not likely.虽无太大把握,但可能性还是有的。(同上)


赵振才教授在《英语常见问题解答大词典》增订版第五版指出:“though 是个从属连词,引导让步状语从句。当从句的主语与主句的主语相一致,并且从句的谓语动词是 be时,常常省略主语和 be 。”“Though understanding no Spanish, she was able to communicate with the other students. 尽管她不懂西班牙语,但是她能够同其他学生进行交流。Though refusing to eat, he admitted he was hungry. 虽然他拒绝吃饭,但他承认他饿了。”


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陈才   - 英语教师
擅长:中考英语,词法问题

Though loving her, I still cannot help her. 

=Though I love her, I still can not help her.

love为静态动词,改为一般体从句

解答如下:

连词+现在分词,构成的结构作状语,主要有以下2种理解。

(1)如果分词为静态动词,相当与一般体状语从句

Though living abroad, he still thinks about his hometown.  

=Though he lives abroad, he still thinks about this homeworn

虽身居海外, 他仍然情系故园.

(2)如果分词为动态动词,相当于进行体的状语从句

While walking along a side street, she was mugged by two youths.

=While she was walking along a side street, Dick was mugged by two youths. 

她在小街上行走时, 遭到来自背后的两个青年的袭击.

备注:为动态动词现在分词,还可以直接用现在分词作状语,即去掉连词。

Walking along a side street, Dick was mugged by two youths


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  • beefeater0532 提出于 2018-11-09 22:05

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