—The plan is heard _____ so well that we don’t have to make any changes.
— It is indeed.
A. to design B. designing C. designed D. design
这题选 C,但是 sb is heard to do sth 被动要把 to 添加上,可是主语是sth为什么就不适用了呢?
prepared为过去分词,而不是形容词。根据Huddleston的《剑桥英语语法》(P 1245),过去分词作宾补仅限于以下少数复合宾语及物动词:
1 大多数感官动词;(see/hear something done)
2 get和have; (have/get sth done)
3 like, want(想要), fear, report, order; (want sth (to be) done;report sth (to have been) done)
4 need, what(需要)。 (need sth done/doing)
只有report, fear, order 三个动词可以在被动语态时,后接过去分词作主语补足语。以上其它动词不可以在被动结构中用过去分词作主语补足语。例如:
I heard the door slammed. (正确)
The door was heard slammed. (误)
由此可知,网友的这个句子为语法错误。is heard 不可以后接过去分词作主语补足语。
作为感官动词(听见),hear的被动语态可后接现在分词或to do不定式作主补。例如:
Three people are reported killed in the accident.
I heard him slam the door.
He was heard to slam the door.
I heard the door slammed
The door was heard to be slammed.
I heard him talking with someone.
He was heard talking with someone.
但不能用过去分词作主补。
当hear作”听说“解时,通常没有sb be heard to do或 sth be heard (to have) been 这样的用法。
网友的句子没有正确答案,句子结构错误。句子可以改为
I hear (it said) that the plan has been designed so well that...
The plan is said to have been designed so well that...
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The plan is heard designed so well that we don’t have to make any changes.
参考译文:听说这个计划设计的如此之好以至于我们没有必要作任何改动。
以上为过去分词designed作主语补足语,后面接一个so+adv.+that引导结果状语从句。
— It is indeed.
A. to design B. designing C. designed D. design
以上主句谓语部分有以下2种理解:
(1)is heard designed=is heard (to have been省略) designed 一个简化/缩写形式
备注:to have been designed表示被动的不定式动作在谓语动词之前发生。(不定式作主语补足语)
(2)is heard designed=is heard (to be省略) designed 一个简化/缩写形式
备注:to be designed表示被动不定式动作在谓语动词之后/同时发生。(不定式作主语补足语)
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—The plan is heard _____ so well that we don’t have to make any changes.
— It is indeed.
A. to design B. designing C. designed D. design
这题选 C,但是 sb is heard to do sth 被动要把 to 添加上,可是主语是sth为什么就不适用了呢?
【答】根据句意,这里的 is heard 的意思应该是“(被)听说”,而不是“(被)听见”。
当hear作“听说”解时,通常使用 hear that 或者 hear it said that 句型,其中的 that 也可以省略;没有sb is heard to do 或 sth is heard (to have) been 这样的用法。例如:
I was surprised to hear (that) he was married. 听说他结婚了,我很惊奇。(《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》第九版 hear)
I hear you've been away this weekend. 我听说你这个周末外出了。(同上)
I've heard it said (that) they met in Italy. 我听说他们是在意大利认识的。(同上)
所以,网友的句子没有正确答案,句子结构错误。前一个句子可以改为:
I hear (it said) that the plan has been designed so well that...
或者
The plan is said to have been _____ so well that... (答案是 C)