where 通常只用作副词,当它用于介词后作宾语时可视为代词。如:
From where? 从哪里来?
From where did he come? 他来自何处?
可供参考的文章:
http://www.yygrammar.com/Article/201406/3636.html
1. where 作疑问副词,意思是“在哪里,到哪里,在何处,向何处”。如:Where is he ? 他在那里?Where do you live ? 你住在哪里?Where can I check my baggage ? 我可以在哪里寄存行李?Where are you going for the summer vacation ? 暑假你要去哪里?我不晓得要去哪里。她问我最近的公共汽车站在哪里。
where 作关系副词,引导定语从句。如:That is the building where my father works. 那是我父亲工作的大楼。This is (the place) where I was born . 这是我出生的地方。
2. where 作关系副词,引导定语从句。如:This is the town where he comes from .这就是他出生的城市。(where 作介词 from 的宾语)
where 作疑问副词,可以作介词 from 或 to 的宾语。如:Where do you come from ? = Where are you from ? 你是哪里人? Where are you calling from ? 你从哪里打电话来的? Where are you going to ? 你要到哪里去?
(此解答中的例句均摘自外研社、建宏《英汉多功能词典》)