While scanning some magazines, a true story caught her eye.
请教老师,时间状语从句中现在分词 scanning 的逻辑主语和句子主语 a ture story 不一样,所以是垂悬结构吗?
悬垂结构又叫悬垂修饰语。
以下为维基百科对悬垂修饰语的解释:
A dangling modifier or misplaced modifier is a type of ambiguous grammatical construct whereby a grammatical modifier could be misinterpreted as being associated with a word other than the one intended, or with no particular word at all. For example, a writer may have meant to modify the subject, but word order used means that the modifier appears to modify an object instead. Such ambiguities can lead to unintentional humor, or, in formal contexts, difficulty in comprehension.
Take, for example, the sentence Turning the corner, a handsome school building appeared. The modifying clause Turning the corner is clearly supposed to describe the behavior of the narrator (or other observer), but grammatically it appears to apply either to nothing in particular, or to the "handsome school building".
Similarly, in the sentence At the age of eight, my family finally bought a dog, the modifier At the age of eight "dangles": it is not attached to the subject of the main clause, and could imply that it was the family that was eight years old when it bought the dog, or even that the dog was eight when it was bought, rather than the intended meaning of giving the narrator's age at the time the family "finally bought the dog".
While scanning some magazines, a true story caught her eye.
网友的句子属于悬垂修饰语,属于语病。改正的方法有二种:要么用she作主句的主语,要么将状语改为状语从句。
While scanning some magazines, she noticed/found a true story.
While she was scanning some magazines, a true story caught her eye.
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“垂悬结构”,在以下几种情况使用,是允许的。
一、句子的主语虽然不是“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语,但作主语定语的物主代词或表示“人的国籍”的定语,是其逻辑主语,那么,这个句子就是对的,这种现象在英语中尤其多。这个问题应该不难理解,主语的定语已经明确暗示着,它就是“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语。假如,我们改用一个完整的句子,那会显得十分啰嗦!例如:
1. After winning their opening World Cup match to Colombia 2-1, Japanese fans got busy cleaning up their part of the stadium.
在以2-1赢了哥伦比亚的世界杯开局赛之后,日本球迷忙着清理他们坐在那看比赛的那部分体育场。
2. After winning the match, their faces were alighted with happiness and excitement.
赢得比赛后,他们的脸上洋溢着喜悦和兴奋。
3. What are your impressions after reading the book? 你看完那本书后有什么印象。
二、当“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语,是句中已知的被省略的动作执行者时。“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语是可以补充的。
以下两句都是被动句,reading和using的逻辑主语肯定是“人”,不可能是没有生命的句子主语,其逻辑主语是已知的,只是被省略了而已。
1. Books must be put back after reading. 阅读后书应放回原处。
(reading 的逻辑主语是everyone)
2. Ideas can be expressed accurately and effectively using simple sentences. (我们)可以用简单的语句把意思表达得精确些。
(using 的逻辑主语是we 或people)
三、“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语,不是以“主语”的身份、而是以“宾语”的身份在句中出现。这时,句子的宾语充当了“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语。例如:
1. Running to school, a terrible idea struck her.
她在往学校跑的时候,忽然想起了一个令人生畏的念头。
2. Seriously wounded, the hospital could do nothing about him.
伤得很重,医院对他无能为力。
【说明】网友的这个句子 While scanning some magazines, a true story caught her eye.
其结构跟上述两个句子完全相同。scanning 的逻辑主语是句子的宾语 her eye,是宾语发出的动作。
四、“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语,以物主代词的身份在“垂悬结构”中出现,这时,指代“人”的这个物主代词,充当了“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语。以下例句中,“垂悬结构”的逻辑主语分别是 I 和 we。例如:
1. Eating my dinner, the sky cleared up.
我们吃饭时,天转晴了。
2. In order to achieve our goal, more effective measures need to be taken. 为了实现我们的目标,更多的有效的措施需要采取。
【重要说明】针对这种现象,有的语法书可能判为错句。其实,这都不是语法错误,而是逻辑问题。但是,现实语言这样使用的情况非常多,尤其第一种情况,在新闻英语已司空见惯。我们只能接受。针对不断发展的活生生的英语,我倒觉得,语法规则需要修改了,承认上述几种情况的存在~!(以上例句均来自正规出处)
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