1 强调句中的介词问题
1. 普通陈述句：John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.
改为强调句：
It was Mary that John gave a handbag (to) at Christmas. (强调间接宾语to可有可无，都可)
强调直接宾语，请教老师 to 的有无两者都可吗？如下：
It was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas.
It was a handbag that John gave to Mary at Christmas.
哪个正确？
2. 普通陈述句：He was surprised at the price.
改为强调句强调宾语，如下：
标准答案是: It was at the price that he was surprised.
请教老师，为何不是It was the price that he was surprised at. 此句是否也正确，如果正确和标准答案有何本质区别？
谢谢老师。
最佳答案 2018-08-27 12:29
强调句型中的that从句从结构上来说仍然是关系分句，虽然它不同于普通的关系分句。因此被强调成分可视为关系分句的先行词。
由于关系代词that不能在关系分句中作间接宾语，因此多数语法书认为强调句型不能强调间接宾语。例如下句：
Mary gave John a handbag. SVOO
It was a handbag that Mary gave john. 强调直接宾语。
It was John that Mary gave a handbag. 错误（强调间接宾语）
Mary gave a handbag to John. SVOA
It was a handbag that Mary gave to John. 强调宾语（直接）
It was to John that Mary gave a handbag. 强调状语。
强调句型强调陈述句中的一个分句成分，例如主语、宾语、状语、表语（偶尔），宾补（偶尔）。因此，当强调句型强调一个名词时，这个名词应该是陈述句的主语、宾语、表语（名词性）或宾补（名词性）。名词不能是介词的宾语，因为介词的宾语并不是分句成分，除非该介词是短语动词的构成部分。
例如：refer to为短语动词， I'm referring to the president. 可以改为强调句：It‘s the president I'm referring to. 表面上看，the president是介词to的宾语，其实不然，the president是短语动词refer to的宾语。
He was surprised at the price.一句中，at the price为介词短语作形容词surprised的补足语，名词the price并不是分句成分。因此，强调句型只能强调at the price, 不能强调the price.
It was at the price that he was surprised. 正确
It was the price that he was surprised at. 错误
同理：He arrived at six.
It was at six that he arrived. 正确
It was six that he arrived at. 错误
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其它 1 个回答
John gave Mary a handbag at Christmas.
对于有双宾语的句子，变成强调句，可以有如下几种变法：
1. It was Mary that John gave a handbag at Christmas.
2. It was Mary that John gave a handbag to at Christmas.
3. It was to Mary that John gave a handbag at Christmas.
4. It was a handbag that John gave Mary at Christmas.
5. It was a handbag that John gave to Mary at Christmas.
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