On the outside was written, "A wedding present to Hugh Erskine and Laura Merton, from an old beggar," and inside was a cheque for ten thousand pounds.

参考译文：在外面写着：一个老乞丐送给hugh Erskine and Laura Merton的一件结婚礼物，里面是一张金额为1万英旁的支票.

a cheque for+金额（钱）意思“一张(金额为)...支票”

Send a cheque for £18.99 plus £2 for postage and packing.  

请寄上18.99英镑的支票，外加2英镑的邮资和包装费。

Rank was contractually obliged to hand him a cheque for $30 million.  

根据合约，兰克应当交付给他一张3,000万美元的支票。

He wrote them a cheque for £10,000.  

他给他们开了张1万英镑的支票。

He enclosed a cheque for 500 dollars.  

他附寄了一张500美元的支票.

I enclose herewith a cheque for 20 pounds.  

随信附上二十镑支票一张.

(1)for(意思)相当于，等于( 英文解释If a word or expression has the same meaning as another word or expression, you can say that the first one is another word or expression for the second one.)

The technical term for sunburn is erythema. 

晒斑的专业术语是红斑。

Cancer is derived from the Greek word for crab, karkinos.  

cancer 这个词派生自希腊语中表示螃蟹的 karkinos 一词

(2)for花费;以…的价钱 （英文解释If something is bought, sold, or done for a particular amount of money, that amount of money is its price.）

We got the bus back to Tange for 30 cents. 

我们花了 30 美分坐公共汽车回到坦格。

The Martins sold their house for about 1.4 million pounds. 

马丁夫妇把他们的房子卖了 140 万英镑。

I bought this table for ￡30.
我买这张桌子花了30英镑