what little money he had 结构分析
There he took what little money he had, said good-bye to his mother and his stepfather and started out to seek his fortune.
what little money he had 是名词性从句还是感叹句？请老师分析下结构。
最佳答案 2018-05-14 08:31
what little money he had在这里是名词性从句，这种从句相当于一个名词词组。其中what为融合型关系限定词，what+名词=the +名词+which/that。现代语法称这种从句为名词性关系分句。
He took what little money he had=He took the little money that he had
融合型关系限定词和融合型关系代词的区别在于前者是先行词的限定词与关系代词融为一体，后者是先行词本身与关系代词融为一体。比较这两种名词性关系分句：
He took what little money he had.融合型关系限定词引导的名词性关系分句。
=He took the little money that he had.
He took what he had. 融合型关系代词引导的名词性关系分句。
=He took the thing(s) which he had.
what确实可以引导感叹句。
What little money he had! 他的钱真少啊！
I am surprised what little money he had. 他的钱这么少令我感到惊讶。
=I am surprised that he should have such little money.
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其它 3 个回答
There he took what little money he had, said good-bye to his mother and his stepfather and started out to seek his fortune.
参考以文：他带上他仅有的一点钱，和他的妈妈和继父告别并启程去寻找财富.
融合性关系词what当做限定词用法
【1】 融合性关系词what相当于“先行词+关系代词”，所以其前不能有先行词：
你喜欢什么就拿什么吧。
正确表达：You can have what you like. =You can have everything (that) you like.
错误表达：You can have everything what you like.
【2】有时what 可用作限定词，其后修饰一个名词表是所有的全部：
I gave him what books I had.
我把我所有的书都给他了。
He gave me what money he had about him.
他把身边带有的钱全给了我。
【3】What 后的名词可以是复数名词或不可数名词，但通常不能是单数可数名词：
错误表达：I gave him what book I had.
【4】What后接不可数名词时，有时可有little修饰。注意区别：what+不可数名词=所有的都，what little+不可数名词=虽少但全部。
I spent what time I had with her.
我所有的时间都是与她一起度过的。
I spent what little time I had with her.
我仅有的一点时间都是与她一起度过的。
融合关系型 what引导名词性从句五种用法
【一】用法归纳
【1】 表示“……的东西或事情”：
They’ve done what they can to help her.
他们已经尽力帮助了她。
He saves what he earns.
他赚多少，积蓄多少。
What Mary is is the secretary.
玛丽的职务是秘书。
【2】 表示“……的人或的样子”：
He is no longer what he was.
他已经不是以前的那个样子。
He is what is generally called a traitor.
他就是人们通常所说的叛徒。
Who is it that has made Fred what he is now?
是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这个样子的？
【3】表示“……的数量或数目”：
Our income is now double what it was ten years ago.
我们现在的收入是10年前的两倍。
The number of the students in our school is ten times what it was before liberation.
现在我校学生的数量是解放前的10倍。
【4】表示“……的时间”：
After what seemed like hours he came out with a bitter smile.
似乎过了几个小时他才苦笑着出来。
The young girl was too frightened to speak, standing there for what seemed like hours.
小女孩吓得不敢说话，在那儿站了几个小时。
【5】表示“……的地方”：
This is what they call Salt Lake City.
这就是他们称为盐湖城的地方。
In 1492, Columbus reached what is now called
1492年哥伦布到达了现在所称的美洲大陆。
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what little money he had 是名词性从句，不是感叹句。
what little money he had 的意思是“他仅有的那点钱”。
“what little+不可数名词”强调少量，又如：
He spent what little money he had on books. 他把仅有的一点钱都用来买书了。
I spent what little time I had with my family. 我仅有的那一点时间都与家人在一起度过了。
如果是可数名词，就用“what few+不可数名词”，也强调少量，又如：
What few friends she has are out of the country. 她仅有的几个朋友都在国外。
The ten men have packed what few belongings they have. 这10个人已将他们仅有的一点行装打点好了。
应该把what改为how
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