Oh my god, it's 2000 dollars. That is almost both cars (that are) paid for!
如题,paid for 可否理解为定语后置?that is almost both cars (that are) paid for!
但是这句话的意思是:这2000元几乎能付清两辆车了。
我还觉得可以理解为 that is almost both cars are paid for. 此处省略了are?
麻烦老师分析一下,谢谢!
为了解答方便直观,我把网友的句子重新复制一次:
Oh my god, it's 2000 dollars. That is almost both cars (that are) paid for!
如题,paid for 可否理解为定语后置?that is almost both cars (that are) paid for!
但是这句话的意思是:这2000元几乎能付清两辆车了。
我还觉得可以理解为 that is almost both cars are paid for. 此处省略了are?
麻烦老师分析一下,谢谢!
【答】Oh my god, it's 2000 dollars. That is almost both cars (that are) paid for!
这个句子括号中的they are,是原句还是网友自己添加的?
一、我认为:
1. Oh my god, it's 2000 dollars. That is almost both cars that are paid for! (误)
2. Oh my god, it's 2000 dollars. That is almost both cars paid for! (正)
句1,把paid for 误解为定语,所以换成了定语从句。殊不知,从语法表面看,似乎天衣无缝,其实,犯了一个很大的逻辑错误:“两千美元是两辆轿车”。
句2,这是一个主系表结构,both cars paid for 是“独立主格结构”作表语, both cars paid for 具有名词的作用,相当于price(价格)的含义,或者说,both cars paid for 是price(价格)的替换语,把price(价格)“具体化”,所以,它与price(价格)在表意上等同。
二、网友的问题,跟定语从句无关。这是一种新的语言现象,它是“独立主格结构”新的语法功能,就是:“独立主格结构”可以具备名词的作用,在句中充当主语、宾语和表语。
三、我们知道,“独立主格结构”本质是“含有逻辑主语的非谓语动词结构”,既然里面有主语,也有动词,那么,它实际上陈述了一个“主谓事件”。这个“主谓事件”最常用的用法,就是作状语。此外,有时候,这个“主谓事件”含有名词的意味,它失去了表层意思,而是暗示着另外一个名词的意思。例如:“独立主格结构”both cars paid for ——这个“主谓事件”,现在已经失去了它的表层意思,而是表示price(价格)了。
四、我再举一个相似的例句,以证实我的观点:
He painted her sitting with her hands folded.
划线部分是两个独立主格结构,with 结构跟讨论的问题无关,暂不理睬。只看her sitting,也是“独立主格结构”。
我们知道,paint 的宾语应该是picture,现在句子没有这个词,而是her sitting with her hands folded,实际上它就是picture。正如上面所言,“独立主格结构”可以具备名词的作用,暗示着另外一个名词的意思。
这句话的意思是:He painted a picture of her sitting with her hands folded. 这里,her sitting with her hands folded 和picture 是“同位关系”,描述picture 的样子。从同位关系看,也证实了“独立主格结构”相当于一个名词picture 的作用。
然而,painted 没有了picture 这个宾语,说明painted 这个动作隐去了一个“结果”,代之而来的是表示“主谓事件”的“独立主格结构”。所以,在翻译理解时,仍然可以加上picture的意思:
他画了一副她坐着手叉在一起的画。
类似的例句:
The artist painted her strolling her garden.
艺术家画了一张她在花园里漫步的画。
如果觉得我的回答对您有用,请随意打赏。你的支持将鼓励我继续创作!