Complaints by the older generation about the different habits of the young and the life they lead can be found at least as far back as two and a half thousand years ago.

1.请问老师，以下句型分析的正确吗？

主语是 complaints by the older generation；介词短语 by the older generation 是complaints 的后置定语。其次，介词短语 about the different habits of the young and the life they lead 作主语 complaints by the older generation 的后置定语。谓语是can be found。时间状语是 at least as far back as two and a half thousand years ago。 句中 the life they lead 中 they 指的是 the older generation。

2. 为何是 complaints by the older generation 而不是 complaints made by the older generation ? 有无made有何区别？

【答】complaints by the older generation = complaints made by the older generation

介词by 引出动作的施事者，即行为主体，可以直接放在名词、动名词或具有动作的名词之后作定语，说明是由谁完成的。它实际是被动语态的简化形式，省去了相应的过去分词（made by the older generation），直接使用by 更简练。

例如：

books by Lun Xun = books written by Lun Xun （鲁迅写的书）

bombing by planes = bombing performed by planes （由飞机实施的轰炸）

At Smith she turned down a request（made）by students to have race-specific dorms.

在史密斯大学，她拒绝了学生提出的按种族分住公寓的要求。

They are trying to avert a strike (carried out) by the actors.

他们正设法要免除一场演员举行的罢工。

The city was thrown into turmoil because of a protest (held) by taxi drivers.

由于出租车司机的抗议使得该城市陷入了混乱。