Hardy's weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.
请问这个 ones 指的是 weakness 吗?怎么判断指代哪个?
Hardy's weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones.
【翻译】哈代的弱点源于他明显不能控制这些不同冲动的各种表现,源于他不愿意培养和保持那些充满活力和冒险的冲动表现。
【分析】在这个句子中,derived是个关键的谓语,后面跟了两个并列的from:
derived from his apparent inability to control:源于他明显不能控制......
(derived) from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain:源于他不愿意培养和保持......
我认为,就ones 的指代关系来看,也应该是并列的,看红色部分。
control 的宾语是:the comings and goings of these divergent impulses
那么,cultivate and sustain 的宾语ones,应该也是指代the comings and goings of these divergent impulses,而不是these divergent impulses, 它是作定语的,中心词是the comings and goings,意思是“来来往往,出出进进”,引申为“各种活动;各种事情;各种表现”。
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名词替代词one只能替代单数可数名词,ones替代复数名词。因此,只需要往前找一个复数名词,即可。如果有二个复数名词,则需根据句子的逻辑选择复合逻辑的那个复数名词。在这个句子中ones替代的是复数名词impulses。然后看看句子的平行结构:from his inability to control... the diverfent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate...energetic ones(impulses). 名词替代词ones的使用,避免了重复名词。
说明:ones前有形容词energetic and risky修饰,通常提示ones替代的复数名词前也有形容词,因此,往前找一个被形容词修饰的复数名词,通常就是ones替代的名词。只要逻辑通顺,就可以确定了。
inability to control 自然接宾语comings and goings of...
但comings and goings怎么能和是否愿意cultivate and sustain搭配呢?
很显然 to cultivate and sustain的宾语是impulses(由ones替代),而不可能是comings and goings. 英语的平行结构是相对的,不是绝对的。
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